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相关概念视频

Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
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A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
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认知灵活性与衰老相关的变化:fMRI元分析.

Zhanna Chuikova1,2, Andrei Faber3, Andrei Filatov4

  • 1Cognitive Health and Intelligence Centre, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation. zhanna7496@mail.ru.

Behavioral and brain functions : BBF
|November 16, 2025
PubMed
概括

认知灵活性显示了与年龄相关的神经变化,老年人表现出后脑活动减少和前脑活动增加. 不同的任务揭示了不同的神经模式,突出了规则检索与规则发现的各种衰老机制.

关键词:
衰老的衰老 衰老的衰老认知灵活性 认知灵活性发现规则的发现.规则检索 - 规则检索任务切换范式的任务切换范式威斯康星州的卡片排序测试测试功能磁力共振成像 (fMRI) 是一种

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相关实验视频

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 认知心理学 认知心理学
  • 衰老研究研究 衰老研究

背景情况:

  • 认知灵活性对于日常运作至关重要.
  • 了解与年龄相关的认知灵活性变化对于健康的衰老至关重要.
  • 认知灵活性的神经相关性在整个寿命中各不相同.

研究的目的:

  • 分析认知灵活性神经相关的与年龄相关的变化.
  • 为了比较规则发现 (威斯康星州卡片排序测试) 和规则检索 (任务切换范式) 的神经模式.
  • 研究认知灵活性机制中的差异性衰老轨迹.

主要方法:

  • 85篇文章 (118个实验,2246名参与者) 的元分析.
  • 激活概率估计 (ALE) 以确定一致的大脑激活模式.
  • 参与者的分类为年轻人,中年人和老年人.

主要成果:

  • 老年人表现出神经参与度下降,特别是在后部区域,前部转移.
  • 年轻的成年人表现出双边激活;老年人表现出左主导活动,表明神经再分配.
  • 规则检索涉及左侧前侧状区域;规则发现显示了前侧状区域的与年龄相关的变化,老年人激活左下额头.

结论:

  • 认知灵活性表现出与年龄相关的不同神经轨迹,用于规则检索与规则发现.
  • 中年成年人招募冲突监测地区;老年人利用与规划相关的领域,建议战略转变.
  • 研究结果提供了关于认知灵活性衰老和任务特定差异的神经支的见解.