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肝细胞癌:流行病学,诊断和治疗

Ezequiel Mauro¹, Tiago de Castro², Marcus Zeitlhoefler²

¹Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Liver Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology

|November 17, 2025

概括

肝细胞癌 (HCC) 是一种主要的癌症杀手,非病毒性原因如与酒精有关的肝病 (ALD) 和与代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝病 (MASLD) 正在增加. 进展改善了结果,但预防和早期检测仍然是这种肝癌的关键挑战.

科学领域:

肝病学肝病学是一种肝病学.
在瘤学瘤学.
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

肝细胞癌 (HCC) 是全球癌症死亡的主要原因.
历史上与病毒性肝炎有关,HCC越来越多地是由非病毒性病因驱动的,如与酒精有关的肝病 (ALD) 和与代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝病 (MASLD).

研究的目的:

审查目前肝细胞癌 (HCC) 管理的现状.
要突出病因学的转变,预防,检测和治疗方面的进步.
识别HCC护理连续中的持续未满足的需求.

主要方法:

对HCC近期进展的文献综述.
对HCC病因学的流行病学趋势的分析.
综合目前的治疗策略和未来的研究方向.

主要成果:

预防策略已经减少了与病毒相关的HCC,而ALD和MASLD则越来越令人担忧.
通过手术,局部区域和免疫治疗方法,在早期,中期和高级HCC阶段改善了结果.
晚期HCC的整体存活率取得了显著进展,在新疗法下超过两年.

结论:

尽管有治疗方面的进步,但在HCC预防,早期检测和公平获得护理方面仍然存在挑战.
非病毒性病因构成越来越大的负担,需要采取有针对性的预防措施.
对生物标志物和新型治疗方法的持续研究有望改变HCC管理.

关键词:

流行病学流行病学肝细胞癌是肝细胞癌.阶段化阶段化治疗治疗治疗治疗治疗治疗

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