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中国儿童的位置阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的患病率和危险因素:一项回顾性研究

Agatha Tang¹, Siyu Dai¹, Chun Ting Au^1,2

¹Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.

Nature and science of sleep

|November 17, 2025

概括

位置性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (POSA) 在中国儿童中很常见,影响了58%的受试者. 这种情况与老年和较轻的疾病严重程度有关,这表明儿科患者群体中存在特定的风险因素.

科学领域:

儿科睡眠医学儿科睡眠医学
呼吸系统医学呼吸系统医学
耳鼻喉科耳鼻喉科耳鼻喉科

背景情况:

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 是儿童的重大健康问题.
位置性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (POSA) 是一种亚型,其特征是睡眠暂停事件主要发生在卧卧的位置.
了解儿童群体中POSA的患病率和特征对于有效管理至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了确定中国儿童患有OSA的POSA的患病率.
为了确定与POSA相关的临床特征和风险因素.
在这个儿科队列中调查POSA的临床结果.

主要方法:

对314名被诊断患有OSA的儿童 (4-17岁) 的回顾性分析.
纳入标准需要多睡眠学 (PSG) 数据,至少在卧卧和非卧卧姿势上睡眠30分钟.
POSA被定义为卧卧式呼吸暂停-呼吸暂停指数 (OAHI),至少是非卧卧式OAHI的两倍.

主要成果:

POSA是普遍存在的,在58%的研究队列和51%的中度/重度OSA患者中发现.
患有POSA的儿童年龄较大 (10.8岁对9.1岁),桃体尺寸较小 (55%对72%),并表现出较轻的OSA严重程度 (较低的OAHI).
逻辑回归表明POSA与年龄较大 (OR 1.20) 和较低的OAHI (OR 0.964) 有关.

结论:

POSA是中国儿童患有OSA的常见和独特的表型.
老年,更成熟的青春期发育,更小的桃体大小和更轻微的疾病严重程度与POSA有关.
需要进一步的研究,以了解长期自然史和儿童POSA的稳定性.

关键词:

孩子们的孩子们的孩子们的孩子们阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (SOP) 的情况.患病率的流行情况.风险因素的风险因素是什么睡眠障碍呼吸睡眠障碍呼吸卧卧的位置卧卧的位置

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