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Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Genotypic Inference of HIV-1 Tropism Using Population-based Sequencing of V3

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Published on: December 27, 2010

导航虚假阳性艾滋病毒检测结果:一个案例报告.

Q Kaewpoowat¹, L Stulken¹, M D Krasowski²

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.

ASM case reports

|November 17, 2025

概括

此摘要是机器生成的。

一个罕见的假阳性人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 查和确认测试发生在一个孕妇身上. 这凸显了在解释HIV诊断结果时考虑前测试概率的重要性.

关键词:

艾滋病病毒-1 艾滋病病毒-1 诊断算法诊断算法一个错误的阳性假阳性.怀孕怀孕怀孕怀孕怀孕

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科学领域:

临床诊断临床诊断临床诊断
免疫学免疫学免疫学
传染病传染病传染病

背景情况:

食品和药物管理局批准的基于实验室的人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 查测试通常具有高灵敏度和特异性.
疾病控制和预防中心 (CDC) 和公共卫生实验室协会 (APHL) 建议在美国使用特定的HIV诊断测试算法.
尽管已经建立了协议,但现实世界的临床实践可能会带来诊断挑战,包括罕见的假阳性结果.

研究的目的:

描述一种罕见的HIV查和确认测试中虚假阳性结果的案例.
突出与当前的艾滋病毒诊断方法相关的局限性和解释挑战.
强调在临床解释艾滋病毒检测结果时考虑前检测概率的重要性.

主要方法:

一名27岁的 cisgender 女性在产前护理期间接受了艾滋病毒检测.
最初的测试包括HIV-1/2抗原/抗体 (Ag/Ab) 查测试和HIV抗体分化试验.
随后的测试涉及HIV-1核糖核酸 (RNA) 定量聚合酶链反应,定性HIV-1脱氧核糖核酸/RNA,以及HIV-1西斑分析.

主要成果:

最初的艾滋病毒查和抗体分化试验是反应性的,导致基于CDC和APHL指南的HIV-1诊断.
随后的分子和血清学测试,包括HIV-1 RNA PCR和西部斑点 (仅显示gp160反应性),显示最初的结果是错误的阳性.
尽管该患者来自艾滋病毒-1传播率高的地区,但病毒载量未被检测到,被认为是低风险的,怀孕和分娩通常是平静的.

结论:

这一案例强调了艾滋病毒诊断测试中假阳性结果的可能性,即使使用已批准的测试和已建立的算法.
临床医生必须保持对这些罕见事件的认识,并将测试前的概率评估纳入诊断结果的解释中.
仔细考虑临床背景对于准确的艾滋病毒诊断和患者管理至关重要.