苏拉韦西绿洲绿色敏感的奥普辛 (RH2) 的分子进化 具有单一起源的奥普辛物种
Nobuyuki Inomata1, Yohey Terai2, Junko Kusumi3
1Department of Environmental Science, Fukuoka Women's University, Fukuoka, 813-8529, Japan. inomata@fwu.ac.jp.
Journal of molecular evolution
|November 17, 2025
概括
这项研究揭示了苏拉韦西奥里齐亚鱼的绿色敏感素 (RH2) 基因的适应性进化. 对RH2-A的积极选择和RH2-B/RH2-C的不同演变有助于光谱调和物种化.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 绿色敏感的素 (RH2) 基因家族在远鱼中显示出广泛的重复和损失.
- 之前的研究探讨了Oryzias物种在多种息地中的RH2基因进化.
- 导致苏拉韦西岛内地的Oryzias物种多样化的进化机制尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查苏拉威西岛上特有Oryzias物种RH2基因多样化的进化机制.
- 为了确定特定的遗传变化和选择性压力塑造RH2基因进化在这个群体.
主要方法:
- 从苏拉威西岛的19个特有Oryzias物种中的21个个体获得RH2基因的测序.
- 核酸序列的分析以确定氨基酸替代和估计选择性压力 (dN/dS比).
- 遗传学分析,以追踪基因重复,损失和特定突变的进化历史.
主要成果:
- 在RH2-A中的四个氨基酸位点发现了强烈的阳性选择,其中三个影响光谱吸收.
- 在RH2-B和RH2-C基因中存在并行突变和/或基因转换的证据.
- 苏拉威西岛的RH2-B和RH2-C同类物种的不同进化,与其他地方的协同进化形成鲜明对比,由物种化过程中的新突变驱动.
- 跨RH2基因的多种氨基酸替代,特别是在RH2-A中,与光谱调和适应性进化有关.
结论:
- 对RH2-A的积极选择和RH2-B/RH2-C的分离进化是苏拉威西奥里西亚的光谱调和物种化的关键驱动因素.
- 这些遗传变化可能有助于适应特定的视觉环境.
- 这项研究提供了对素基因多样化的进化动态的新见解.
更多相关视频
08:33Determination of Photoreceptor Cell Spectral Sensitivity in an Insect Model from In Vivo Intracellular Recordings
Published on: February 26, 2016
11.9K
08:39Whole-cell Patch-clamp Recordings for Electrophysiological Determination of Ion Selectivity in Channelrhodopsins
Published on: May 22, 2017
18.0K
相关概念视频
Gene Duplication and Divergence
7.8K
The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
7.8K
Channel Rhodopsins
3.1K
Most organisms use photoreceptors to sense and respond to light. Examples of photoreceptors include bacteriorhodopsins and bacteriophytochromes in some bacteria, phytochromes in plants, and rhodopsins in the photoreceptor cells of the vertebral retina. The light-sensitive property of these receptors is because of the bound chromophores, such as bilin in the phytochromes and retinal in the rhodopsins.
Rhodopsins belong to the family of cell surface proteins called G-protein coupled receptors,...
Rhodopsins belong to the family of cell surface proteins called G-protein coupled receptors,...
3.1K
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
7.9K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
7.9K
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways
8.7K
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
8.7K
Exon Recombination
4.1K
The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes.
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
4.1K
Genetics of Speciation
20.8K
Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.
20.8K
