人类耐力的认知相关物
Daniel H Aslan1, Laura Fenton2, S Duke Han2
1Human and Evolutionary Biology Section, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, CA 90089.
概括
耐力行走期间的认知任务会增加感知力度,但不会增加能量消耗. 增强的认知能力可以减轻这种增加的感知力度,这表明进化的认知收益影响了耐力食.
科学领域:
- 人类进化人类的进化.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 身体活动和认知任务的结合可能对人类进化至关重要.
- 食,一个关键的祖先生活方式,涉及到整合的身体和认知需求.
- 认知参与对耐力和食表现的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 测试耐力行走期间的认知参与是否会增加感知到的体力,而不会改变生理反应.
- 为了确定增强的认知能力是否能减轻认知负载对耐力的影响.
主要方法:
- 30名健康成年人完成了两个随机的30分钟跑步机行走测试:一个控制 (Ex) 和一个同时执行功能任务 (ExCog).
- 记录了生理反应和感知劳动力 (RPE).
- 评估了认知能力,包括视觉空间技能.
主要成果:
- 在ExCog条件下,与Ex条件 (P = 0.005) 相比,感知功耗 (RPE) 在ExCog条件下显著更高.
- 在ExCog条件下 (P = 0.008) 能源支出显著下降.
- 具有较高视觉空间能力的个体在ExCog期间RPE的增加较小,表明认知缓解 (FDR P = 0.039).
结论:
- 耐力活动期间的认知需求增加了感知力度,但可以降低能量消耗.
- 认知能力在调节身体炼期间感知到的努力方面发挥着作用.
- 人类认知能力的进化增长可能减少了耐力食性能的限制.
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