围产期大脑生长和幼儿的自闭症特征
A Tsompanidis1, K M Chang2, Y T Khan2
1Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. at768@cam.ac.uk.
Translational psychiatry
|November 17, 2025
概括
婴儿早期大脑总体体积减少与幼儿中更多的自闭症特征有关. 这一发现强调了早期大脑发育对于理解自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的重要性.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 儿科神经影像学 儿科神经影像学
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 研究研究
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种神经发育状况,具有遗传和围产因素.
- 对于ASD诊断的早期行为特征在18个月左右出现.
- 之前的研究指出,自闭症儿童的头部和大脑生长增加,但在前六个月的早期发展仍然不太了解.
研究的目的:
- 用MRI来研究胎儿晚期和婴儿早期的大脑结构.
- 为了将早期的大脑发育与在幼儿时期观察到的自闭症特征联系起来.
- 探索早期大脑体积差异是否延伸到更广泛的自闭症表型.
主要方法:
- 利用了正在开发的人类结合体项目 (dHCP) 和剑桥人体成像和纵向发育 (CHILD) 队伍的数据.
- 进行产前和产后MRI扫描以评估大脑结构.
- 18个月后与父母报告的自闭症特征相关的产后大脑体积 (总体,皮质灰质,白质) (Q-CHAT),控制共变量.
主要成果:
- 产后大脑总体体积,皮质灰质体积和白质体积与两个队列中的幼儿时期的自闭症特征有负相关性.
- 这种关联是特定于产后体积,并没有观察到产前大脑体积或产周生长率.
- 在dHCP队列中进行的区域分析表明,叶中存在显著的模式,需要进一步调查.
结论:
- 在生命的头两个月内,大脑总体体积的减少与父母在18个月时报告的更高数量的自闭症特征有关.
- 研究结果表明,早期大脑体积和以后的自闭症特征之间存在联系.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索晚年这些关联及其对叶等特定大脑区域的影响.
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