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相关概念视频

Structural Classification of Joints01:20

Structural Classification of Joints

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Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
A fibrous joint is where the adjacent bones are united by fibrous connective...
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Generation of Straight or Branched Actin Filaments01:14

Generation of Straight or Branched Actin Filaments

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The straight or branched structure formation of actin filaments is controlled by nucleating proteins such as the formins and Arp2/3 complex. Formin-mediated assembly results in straight filaments, whereas Arp2/3 protein complex-mediated assembly results in branched actin filaments.
Arp2/3 Complex
Arp2/3 complex is a seven-subunit complex consisting of two proteins similar to actin- Arp2 and Arp3, and five other subunits that help keep Arp2 and Arp3 inactive. When required, the complex is...
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Indirect Motor Pathways01:22

Indirect Motor Pathways

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The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...
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Fixed Action Patterns01:06

Fixed Action Patterns

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A fixed action pattern (FAP) is a specific, hard-wired sequence of behaviors that occurs in response to an external stimulus, called a sign stimulus. The behavior is “fixed” because it is essentially unchangeable—proceeding similarly across individuals of a species every time it occurs.
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C4 Pathway and CAM01:27

C4 Pathway and CAM

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Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
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Direct Motor Pathways01:11

Direct Motor Pathways

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The direct motor pathways, also known as the pyramidal tracts, are a group of neural pathways that originate in the brain and descend through the spinal cord. They control the voluntary movement of the body. There are two major direct motor pathways: the corticospinal and the corticobulbar tracts.
The corticospinal tract is responsible for the voluntary movement of the limbs and trunk. It originates in the cerebral cortex of the brain and descends through the cerebrum's internal capsule and...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Structure-Based Simulation and Sampling of Transcription Factor Protein Movements along DNA from Atomic-Scale Stepping to Coarse-Grained Diffusion
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过渡路径采样以结构动机为指导

YooJin C Sheen1, Christina A Stephens1,2, John M Rosenberg3

  • 1Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States.

Journal of chemical theory and computation
|November 18, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

研究人员开发了一种新的模拟技术,使用结构相似度指标来预测蛋白质构造变化. 这种方法引导蛋白质动态到目标状态,即使同源蛋白质之间的序列相似性很低.

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科学领域:

  • 计算生物学是一种计算生物学.
  • 结构生物学是结构生物学.
  • 生物物理学的生物物理.

背景情况:

  • 了解动态蛋白质功能需要了解构造状态和转变.
  • 确定单个蛋白质的所有关键构造状态仍然具有挑战性.
  • 从同类蛋白质中利用构造数据是很困难的,低序列相同性.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种用于预测蛋白质构造变化的新型模拟技术.
  • 使用结构相似度指标 (SSM) 将蛋白质动态引导到目标状态.
  • 为了能够模拟连同同源蛋白的序列相似性较低的构造过渡.

主要方法:

  • 开发了一种使用距离矩阵到目标状态的模拟技术,以定义SSM.
  • 应用SSM指导蛋白质折叠从已知的形状到目标状态.
  • 基于结构图案的多维通用SSM,用于完全的蛋白质折叠模拟.

主要成果:

  • 通过使用SSM,成功将β-β-α (BBA) 蛋白质的β-hairpin部分折叠到其原始状态.
  • 证明了基于具有较低序列相似性的同类结构的蛋白质过渡到新构造的模拟.
  • 与SSM相结合的不同增强采样方法进行比较,讨论它们的优缺点.

结论:

  • 基于SSM的模拟技术有效地引导蛋白质动态以达到目标形状.
  • 这种方法可以预测蛋白质的构造变化,其与已知结构的序列相似性较低.
  • 将蛋白质状态空间分解为结构动图提供了一个有效的框架来探索构造性景观.