曲率诱导的可逆电行为使得离子电池能够极快充电和长续航
Jiawang Zhou1, Yao Li1,2, Yongteng Dong1
1Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
ACS nano
|November 18, 2025
概括
这项研究引入了高曲率的多孔硬碳阳极,以引导统一的涂层,增强快充离子电池 (LIB). 这种新的方法显著提高了电动汽车的板可逆性和电池周期寿命.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 电化学 电化学 电化学
- 储能 储能 储能 储能 储能 储能
背景情况:
- 离子电池 (LIB) 的有限快速充电能力阻碍了电动汽车的采用.
- (Li) 涂层是实现快充LIBs的主要障碍.
- 传统的多孔碳提供了有限的解决方案来缓解涂层.
研究的目的:
- 为LIB阳极引入"曲率诱导的涂"的新范式.
- 设计和设计一个基于Konjac葡萄甘的多孔硬碳 (KPHC) 阳极,具有高曲孔内部.
- 为了阐明由孔隙曲率引导的均化的机械路径.
主要方法:
- 有限元模拟以建模Li核和生长.
- KPHC阳极结构和性能的多尺度表征.
- 在恶劣条件下组装和测试袋式电池 (低N/P比).
主要成果:
- 建立了一条机械路径:高曲率 → 低核化屏障 → 小的临界半径 → 限制增长 → 可逆涂层.
- 通过KPHC阳极,在1°C的200个循环中实现了99.9%的特殊化可逆性.
- 在恶劣条件下的袋式电池中,证明了高电荷状态 (74.2%在5°C) 和长周期寿命 (在2310个周期后保持80%).
结论:
- 高孔弧度作为偏好的核化地点,指导均的涂层.
- 具有优化曲率的等级多孔结构为快速充电LIB提供了通用设计原则.
- 在LIBs中,KPHC阳极能够实现先进的快速充电功能和提高周期稳定性.
相关概念视频
Charging Conductors By Induction
8.9K
The Earth is a good conductor of electricity, and it is so big that it can be considered an infinite source or sink of charges. It can easily exchange charges with any matter.
Generally, conductors like metals do not allow any excess charge to be present on them. Any excess charge added to metals easily flows away, for example, when a metal is placed on the Earth. This process is called earthing.
However, conductors can be charged by a process called induction. For example, consider charging a...
Generally, conductors like metals do not allow any excess charge to be present on them. Any excess charge added to metals easily flows away, for example, when a metal is placed on the Earth. This process is called earthing.
However, conductors can be charged by a process called induction. For example, consider charging a...
8.9K
Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor
5.8K
The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
5.8K
Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge
26.4K
An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
26.4K
Potential Due to a Polarized Object
710
A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
710
Continuous Charge Distributions
7.9K
Imagine a bucket of water. It contains many molecules, of the order of 1026 molecules. Thus, although it contains discrete elements (molecules) at the microscopic level, macroscopically, it can be considered continuous. Small volume elements of water, infinitesimal compared to the bulk of the bucket's volume, still contain many molecules. Under this framework, quantized matter is approximated as continuous for practical purposes.
The electric charge can also be subjected to an analogical...
The electric charge can also be subjected to an analogical...
7.9K
Batteries and Fuel Cells
30.7K
A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
30.7K


