中枢神经系统 免疫治疗的免疫学并发症 在儿科
Diana Ferro1, Veronica Capelli2, Alberto Eugenio Tozzi1
1Predictive and Preventive Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Expert review of clinical immunology
|November 18, 2025
概括
儿童癌症免疫疗法,如CAR T细胞和免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI),可以导致严重的中枢神经系统 (CNS) 免疫相关不良事件 (irAEs). 了解和管理这些神经毒性对于儿童的安全和有效治疗至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿科瘤学 儿科瘤学
- 神经免疫学 神经免疫学
- 癌症免疫疗法癌症免疫疗法
背景情况:
- 免疫疗法,包括CAR T细胞疗法和免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI),已经彻底改变了儿童癌症治疗.
- 然而,这些疗法越来越多地与儿童中严重的中枢神经系统 (CNS) 免疫相关不良事件 (irAEs) 相关,这一现象尚未得到充分理解.
- 由于特定年龄的脆弱性,这些治疗对儿童的神经毒性带来了独特的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 审查和总结目前对接受免疫治疗的儿科患者中枢神经系统irrAEs的知识.
- 专注于免疫病原发生和年龄特定的脆弱性,有助于神经毒性.
- 确定共同的CNS irAEs,并讨论管理策略.
主要方法:
- 使用PubMed,Scopus和Web of Science等数据库进行了叙事文献审查.
- 该审查涵盖了2010年至2025年间出版的文献.
- 重点是儿童神经毒性,免疫病原发生和年龄特定因素.
主要成果:
- 发现的常见的中枢神经系统irrAEs包括ICANS (免疫效应细胞相关的神经毒性综合征),自身免疫性脑炎,吉兰-巴雷综合征和缺血炎.
- 儿科的脆弱性包括不成熟的血脑屏障,减少的天真T细胞和慢性炎症,这可能会加剧神经毒性.
- 该审查强调了在接受免疫治疗的儿童中控制中枢神经系统免疫毒性的复杂性.
结论:
- 儿童免疫疗法中中枢神经系统免疫毒性的有效管理需要早期检测,持续监测和适合年龄的干预措施.
- 识别预测生物标志物和开发个性化的免疫调节策略是提高安全性,同时保持治疗疗效的关键.
- 需要进行进一步的研究,以充分阐明机制,并优化对患有中枢神经系统irrAEs的儿童的护理.
关键词:
用CAR T细胞疗法进行治疗.中央神经系统的自身免疫力在ICANS中,我们可以看到ICANS.儿科瘤学 儿科瘤学亚纳金拉的孩子们血脑屏障是什么意思细胞因子释放综合征 细胞因子释放综合征与免疫相关的不良事件.免疫疗法 免疫疗法神经毒性的作用.更多相关视频
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