对癌症患者的瘤CT报告基于大型语言模型的简化进行前性受控试验
Philipp Prucker1, Keno K Bressem1,2, Jan Peeken3,4,5
1Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, TUM School of Medicine and Health, TUM University Hospital Kinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675 Munich, Germany.
Radiology
|November 18, 2025
概括
大型语言模型 (LLM) 简化了癌症CT报告,改善了患者的理解,减少了阅读时间. 然而,仔细的放射科医生审查至关重要,以解决简化瘤学报告中发现的错误.
科学领域:
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 瘤放射学报告使用复杂的医学术语,为患者带来理解挑战.
- 大型语言模型 (LLM) 提供了简化医疗文本的潜力,但对它们对患者理解放射学报告的影响的证据有限.
- 需要进行受控研究来评估LLM简化对患者理解,认知工作量和放射学报告的感知的影响.
研究的目的:
- 评估基于LLM简化的瘤CT报告对患者理解能力,认知工作量,感知和阅读时间的影响.
- 为了比较患者的结果,使用标准与LLM简化放射学报告.
- 评估LLM简化的瘤CT报告的可读性和准确性.
主要方法:
- 一项前性,准随机试验,涉及200名接受CT重置阶段的成年癌症患者.
- 参与者被分配接受标准CT报告或LLM简化报告 (Llama 3.3 70B),并接受强制性放射科医生审查.
- 主要结果包括患者报告的认知工作量,理解,感知和阅读时间;次要结果涉及可读性指标和放射科医生对错误的评估.
主要成果:
- 使用LLM简化的报告显著减少了阅读时间的中位数,从7分钟减少到2分钟 (P < .001).
- 接受简化报告的患者的认知工作量较低 (OR,0.18),理解能力更好 (OR,13.28),对报告有用性的感知更好 (OR,5.46) (所有P < .001).
- 简化提高了可读性 (弗莱什-金凯德分级8.89与13.69;P<.001),尽管放射科医生审查发现简化报告中存在事实错误 (6%),遗漏 (7%),和不适当的添加 (3%).
结论:
- 对瘤CT报告的LLM简化提高了患者的理解能力,并减少了阅读负担.
- 尽管患者报告的结果有所改善,但临床相关的错误需要放射科医生的仔细监督.
- 在放射学中,LLM技术有望改善患者与医疗服务提供者之间的沟通,这取决于强大的验证和错误缓解策略.
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