鱼类参考基因组和泛基因组的现状:方法,采样策略,质量评估和水产养殖繁殖的未来前景
1Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN, 38505, USA. johnliu@tntech.edu.
Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.)
|November 18, 2025
概括
了解水产养殖鱼类的全基因组变异对于繁殖至关重要. 泛基因组研究,包括泛基因组加 (泛基因组+),通过揭示遗传多样性和有益基因,为改善水产养殖品种提供了新的机会.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 水产养殖是水产养殖的一种方式.
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 远距离鱼的基因组构成了排序的脊椎动物基因组的30%,推进了水产养殖遗传学.
- 目前的参考基因组有限,阻碍了对基因组变异及其与生产特征的联系的理解.
- 水产养殖物种内的哈普洛型变异在很大程度上是未知的,影响特征特定的遗传改进.
研究的目的:
- 审查水产养殖中参考基因组和泛基因组的现状.
- 为了比较体构造的方法及其各自的优缺点.
- 引入泛基因组加 (泛基因组+) 的概念,以增强基因内进.
主要方法:
- 对参考基因组和泛基因组构造技术的现有文献的审查.
- 对不同的泛基因组测序和组装策略进行比较分析.
- 泛基组加 (泛基组+) 的概念建议,包括用于杂交的相关物种.
主要成果:
- 参考基因组提供了一个基础,但缺乏全面的物种内部变异数据.
- 泛基因组方法捕获核心和可变基因组区域,揭示了物种内部的多样性.
- 潘基文组+ (pangenome+) 通过将潜在的基因侵入的相关物种纳入其中来扩展这一点.
结论:
- 完整的基因组变异分析对于推进水产养殖繁殖至关重要.
- 泛基因组和泛基因组加 (泛基因组+) 策略是释放水产养殖中基因组潜力的关键.
- 将基因组洞察与育种计划相结合,为水产养殖发展提供了重大机会.
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