在西班牙加那利群岛进行了三十年的围产期艾滋病毒管理
Dara Boza Medina1,2, Elena Colino Gil3, María Del Pino Quintana Montesdeoca4,5
1Department of Pediatrics, Hospital General de Fuerteventura Virgen de la Peña, Fuerteventura, Canary Islands, Spain. dara.bozmed@gmail.com.
European journal of pediatrics
|November 18, 2025
概括
在加拿大群岛,人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的周产期传播从1993年到2021年显著下降. 在怀孕前有效的联合抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 在本研究中消除了艾滋病毒传播.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在过去的二十年中,全球努力减少了围产期艾滋病毒传播 (PT).
- 本研究提供了西班牙加那利群岛PT的详细,长期的区域分析.
研究的目的:
- 评估与加拿大群岛围产期艾滋病毒传播 (PT) 相关的趋势和因素.
- 评估不断变化的预防策略对该地区PT率的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项多中心的回顾性研究分析了拉斯帕尔马斯1993年至2021年的259对母子对.
- 数据被分为三个时期 (1993-2003,2004-2012,2013-2021) 来跟踪变化.
- 关键数据点包括怀孕,分娩,治疗和结果,重点是抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 和病毒载量.
主要成果:
- 随着时间的推移,周产期艾滋病毒传播 (PT) 率显著下降:从10.8% (1993-2003) 降至1.1% (2013-2021).
- 在怀孕前接受联合ART的妇女中,没有发生PT病例,在分娩时病毒载量无法检测.
- 外国出生的母亲的比例增加了,一些 CD4 计数较低,而在怀孕前启动ART和分娩时无法检测的病毒载量随着时间的推移显著改善.
结论:
- 拉斯帕尔马斯的周产期艾滋病毒传播率有所下降,与国家和欧洲的趋势保持一致.
- 改善艾滋病毒感染孕妇的管理,包括增加ART使用,有助于减少PT.
- 尽管取得了进展,但仍有机会加强对艾滋病毒阳性孕妇及其婴儿的早期诊断和随访护理.
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