评估国家一级的激励计划,以改善饮食.
Alison Tovar1, Lisa M Powell2, Julien Leider3
1Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
JAMA network open
|November 18, 2025
概括
吃好,做好 (EWBW) 计划并没有显著增加所有补充营养援助计划 (SNAP) 参与者的水果和蔬菜摄入量. 然而,它有利于那些已经消费了更高量的消费者,这表明需要有针对性的策略来产生更广泛的影响.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 水果和蔬菜激励计划旨在改善补充营养援助计划 (SNAP) 参与者的饮食质量.
- 很少有这样的计划在规模上实施,需要了解政策决策的州级有效性.
- 罗德岛的Eat Well, Be Well (EWBW) 计划是第一个州级的SNAP水果和蔬菜激励计划.
研究的目的:
- 评估"吃得好,做得好" (EWBW) 计划与SNAP参与者的饮食摄入量和计划意识的关联.
- 在初始实施阶段评估州级水果和蔬菜激励计划的有效性.
主要方法:
- 采用一个前后队列研究设计与一个比较站点 (康涅狄格州),利用差异分析.
- 数据从罗德岛 (干预) 和康涅狄格州 (比较) 的18岁以上的SNAP接收者通过社区招聘和短信收集.
- 这项干预涉及通过电子福利转账卡通过每1美元花在水果和蔬菜上 (高达25美元/月) 获得0.50美元信用的自动注册.
主要成果:
- 罗德岛州与康涅狄格州相比,水果和蔬菜摄入量没有明显的整体变化 (0.12 [95% CI, -0.04到0.28] 杯相当于每1000卡路里).
- 分层分析显示,与康涅狄格州相比,罗德岛州的基线消费较高的参与者中,水果和蔬菜的摄入量显著增加 (0.29 [95% CI,0.03-0.54] 杯相当于每1000千卡).
- 节目意识适度 (36.8%正确识别目的),使用率低 (26.4%报告使用折扣).
结论:
- 该EWBW计划,其50%的激励和自动招生,没有产生显著的相对变化,在SNAP参与者的总体水果和蔬菜摄入量.
- 该计划对已经消费了大量水果和蔬菜的参与者证明了好处.
- 加强实施策略,包括更广泛的零售伙伴关系,改善外展和有针对性的干预措施,对于最大限度地提高公共卫生成果至关重要.
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