Apoe基因型知识及其对认知信念和表现的影响
Sarah J Barber1,2, Meenakshi Menon1, Katherine J Shoemaker1
1Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
概括
了解您的APOE ɛ4携带者阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 风险的状态,可以降低对认知控制的信心. 意识并没有显著影响客观认知,但对载体的工作记忆产生了暂时的影响.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
背景情况:
- 对阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 风险的基因检测,特别是APOE ɛ4状态,正在变得更加容易获得.
- 了解遗传风险披露对认知知觉和表现的心理影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究如何意识到自己是APOE ɛ4载体会影响认知能力不受损的老年人的主观和客观认知功能.
- 探索对遗传风险信息的心理反应,以研究晚期发病的AD.
主要方法:
- 该研究包括来自阿尔茨海默氏症预防倡议的GeneMatch计划的195名认知正常的老年人 (63-79岁).
- 参与者根据APOE ɛ4携带者身份和对其基因型的认识进行了分类.
- 评估了主观认知 (记忆控制,注意力控制,记忆焦虑) 和客观认知 (记忆任务).
主要成果:
- 意识到自己的基因型的APOE ɛ4携带者报告说,他们对控制认知功能和注意力的信心较低.
- 不知道自己的基因型的非携带者对发展阿尔茨海默病的担忧较小,这表明潜在的安慰.
- 对基因型的认识并不总是影响客观认知,尽管探索性分析表明,在e4载体中,工作记忆性能发生了短暂的变化.
结论:
- 意识到AD的遗传风险增加可能会减少老年人对认知控制的感知.
- 披露遗传风险信息可能对非携带者有心理上的好处.
- 在特定测试条件下,APOE ɛ4载体意识到其状态时,可能会对工作记忆性能产生暂时的不良影响.
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