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一项试点研究将废水和临床监测与纽约州的甲型肝炎相关联

Maxwell D Weidmann¹, Patrick W Bryant², Lynsey Schoultz²

¹Wadsworth Center, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, 120 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, United States; University at Albany, SUNY, College of Integrated Health Sciences, Pinebush Building, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY 12222, United States.

|November 18, 2025

概括

废水监测有效地早期检测出甲型肝炎病毒 (HAV),即使在发病率低的地区. 这种方法在临床诊断前41天就在废水中发现了HAVRNA,有助于公共卫生干预.

科学领域:

环境微生物学环境微生物学
公共卫生监督是对公共卫生的监督.
病毒学病毒学

背景情况:

随着COVID-19的流行,废水监控系统的发展加速了.
由于甲型肝炎病毒的传播途径和无症状潜力,对甲型肝炎病毒 (HAV) 的监测至关重要.
需要评估在疫情爆发场外对HAV的废水监测.

研究的目的:

评估废水监测在纽约州检测甲型肝炎病毒 (HAV).
为了比较废水HAVRNA水平与低发病率期间的临床监测数据.
确定废水监测对HAV的早期预警潜力.

主要方法:

在纽约州四个县对废水进行HAV RNA的定量测试 (2022年9月 - 2023年11月).
废水中HAVRNA度的比较,在有和没有报告HAV病例的地区.
对HAV RNA检测时间相对于临床诊断和暴露开始的分析.

主要成果:

在已报告病例的地区的废水中发现HAV RNA平均度显著更高 (267对21个基因拷贝/μL).
在暴露和诊断之间的91%病例中,在废水中检测到HAVRNA.
在临床病例诊断前平均41天,废水监测检测到新的HAVRNA.

结论:

废水监测可以在县级提供HAV病例集群的早期预警,即使在发病率低的环境中也是如此.
这种方法可以检测无症状或轻度的HAV感染被临床监测遗漏.
将废水测试扩展到所有下水道,可以提高针对性干预的敏感性.

关键词:

数字PCR是数字的PCR.环境监督环境监督环境监督肝炎是一种肝炎.在纽约,纽约.废水是废水,废水就是废水.

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