基于FEM和热流密度方法的合特征的火车制动盘的模拟和优化
Guoqing Qi1, Peigang Jiao2, Weibo Du1
1Shandong Key Laboratory of Technologies and Systems for Intelligent Construction Equipment, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan, 250357, China.
Scientific reports
|November 18, 2025
概括
本研究介绍了一种结合的有限元法 (FEM) 和热流体动力学法 (HFDM) 用于分析高速列车制动盘. 优化的通风结构,灵感来自植物口腔,显著提高热稳定性和减少压力.
科学领域:
- 机械工程 机械工程
- 热科学 热科学 热科学
- 计算力学 计算力学 计算力学
背景情况:
- 高速列车的制动会产生极端的温度和压力.
- 优化车盘设计对于安全性和性能至关重要.
- 现有的模拟方法在高温,多物理条件下可能缺乏准确性.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一个合的FEM-HFDM数值方法来分析火车制动盘的性能.
- 优化车盘通风结构,以提高热稳定性和结构强度.
- 调查仿生设计对增强散热的有效性.
主要方法:
- 合有限元法 (FEM) 用于几何离散和热流动力学法 (HFDM) 用于导热.
- 结合了取决于温度的材料特性和异性热流.
- 使用ANSYS.使用三种通风结构 (圆柱形,倾斜型,混合型) 进行多物理合分析.
- 使用仿生"植物呼吸口"来优化空气流.
主要成果:
- 混合孔通风结构使峰值温度降低了15.8%,峰值应力降低了45.4%.
- 仿生设计提高了空气流组织和散热效率.
- 网格独立性分析和实验验证验证证实了该方法的可靠性,误差<5%.
结论:
- 结合的FEM-HFDM方法在极端条件下准确模拟高速列车车盘的性能.
- 优化的通风结构,特别是混合和仿生设计,显著提高了热和结构完整性.
- 这种方法为设计更安全,更有效的列车制动系统提供了可靠的工具.
相关概念视频
01:15Design of Transmission Shafts - Stress Analysis
704
Designing a transmission shaft requires a thorough understanding of the stresses induced by bending moments and torques, especially in systems where power is transferred through gears. These forces create force-couple systems at the centers of the shaft's cross-sections, leading to both transverse and torsional loading. Although shearing stresses from transverse loads are typically smaller than those from torques and are often overlooked, the significant normal stresses from these loads...
704
01:16Design of Transmission Shafts
720
The design of a transmission shaft is governed by two primary specifications: the power it transmits and its rotational speed. These parameters guide the selection of the shaft's material and cross-sectional dimensions, ensuring that the material's maximum shearing stress remains within the elastic limit while transmitting the desired power at the given speed. The system's power is intrinsically linked to the applied torque. The torque applied to the shaft can be calculated by reconfiguring the...
720
01:17Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates
771
Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
771
01:23Design Example: Deciding Thickness of Lubricating Fluid in a Shaft
318
Effective lubrication between a rotating shaft and its bearing housing is essential in rotating machinery to minimize friction, wear, and energy loss. With carefully controlled thickness and viscosity, the lubricant layer prevents metal-to-metal contact, ensuring smooth operation.
To calculate the required thickness of the lubricant layer, the tangential velocity at the shaft's surface must first be determined. This velocity is calculated by converting the rotational speed to angular velocity...
To calculate the required thickness of the lubricant layer, the tangential velocity at the shaft's surface must first be determined. This velocity is calculated by converting the rotational speed to angular velocity...
318
01:17Design Example: Calculating Safe Diameter for Wind-Exposed Disc
339
Assessing safety in wind-exposed installations is crucial to preventing potential failures. This example explores the calculation and design adjustments needed to mount a circular disc on a building facade, where wind forces are a primary concern. A 4-meter diameter disc was initially designed as an aesthetic feature facing winds at a velocity of 25 meters per second, with an air density of 1.25 kilograms per cubic meter. Given these conditions, the drag force on the disc was determined using...
339
01:28Major Losses in Pipes
1.9K
When a fluid flows through a pipe, it experiences energy losses due to frictional resistance along the pipe walls, known as major losses. These energy losses result in a pressure drop, which varies based on the flow conditions — whether laminar or turbulent — and the specific physical properties of the fluid and pipe.
Fluid flow can be classified as laminar or turbulent, primarily based on the Reynolds number. This dimensionless number reflects the relative influence of inertial to viscous...
Fluid flow can be classified as laminar or turbulent, primarily based on the Reynolds number. This dimensionless number reflects the relative influence of inertial to viscous...
1.9K