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相关概念视频

Radiation: Applications01:17

Radiation: Applications

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The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
The average...
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Conduction, Convection and Radiation: Problem Solving01:20

Conduction, Convection and Radiation: Problem Solving

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There are three methods by which heat transfer can take place: conduction, convection, and radiation. Each method has unique and interesting characteristics, but all three have two things in common: they transfer heat solely because of a temperature difference; and the greater the temperature difference, the faster the heat transfer.
In order to solve a problem related to heat transfer, first of all, the situation needs to be examined to determine the type of heat transfer involved. This could...
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Absorption of Radiation01:05

Absorption of Radiation

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The rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation is described by the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation:
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Mechanism of heat transfer01:19

Mechanism of heat transfer

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Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer

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Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant...
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I

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Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.
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Characterization of Thermal Transport in One-dimensional Solid Materials
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辐射冷却材料的特性 辐射冷却材料的特性

Zhuning Wang1, Sijie Pian1, Yaoguang Ma2

  • 1State Key Laboratory for Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Intelligent Optics and Photonics Research Center, Jiaxing Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Nature protocols
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本研究介绍了用于评估辐射冷却材料的标准化程序和测试平台. 这些方法允许对不同应用的材料性能进行一致比较.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 热力学是一种热力学.
  • 光学是什么?光学是什么?光学是什么?

背景情况:

  • 辐射冷却是一种有前途的可再生能源技术.
  • 有许多辐射冷却材料,包括面料,油漆和建筑材料.
  • 缺乏标准化的评估系统阻碍了物质财产的比较.

研究的目的:

  • 提出评估辐射冷却材料性能的标准化程序.
  • 详细说明室外和室内性能测试平台的建造和使用.
  • 为了能够准确和透明地评估辐射冷却材料的性能.

主要方法:

  • 使用集成球谱仪对太阳光和红外光谱进行光学属性评估.
  • 开发具有隔热和辐射屏蔽的户外测试平台.
  • 实现室内测试平台和基于MATLAB的理论评估代码.

主要成果:

  • 已建立的程序来评估各种形式的辐射冷却材料的光学和热性能.
  • 展示了功能性的室外和室内测试平台,用于性能评估.
  • 为辐射冷却材料提供了快速理论评估代码.

结论:

  • 开发的程序和平台为辐射冷却材料的评估提供了一种标准化的方法.
  • 这些系统有助于在不同应用中透明地比较材料性能.
  • 这项研究解决了在辐射冷却技术领域进行一致评估的需要.