专家的共识声明关于疾病负担和疫苗接种的呼吸道同胞细胞病毒感染在成年人
Joon Young Choi1, Chin Kook Rhee2, Yong-Il Hwang3
1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases
|November 19, 2025
概括
呼吸道同胞性病毒 (RSV) 对老年人和患有慢性呼吸道疾病的人产生重大影响. 接种疫苗是预防RSV的关键策略,可以减少严重疾病和死亡率.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 呼吸道同胞病毒 (RSV) 是成年人呼吸道感染的主要原因之一,特别影响老年人和患有慢性肺炎或喘的人.
- 成年人对RSV的疾病意识和有效治疗仍然有限,尽管其患病率和死亡率显著.
- 最近的进展包括开发和批准多种RSV疫苗和更新的临床指南.
研究的目的:
- 评估RSV在成年人中的全球和区域负担,重点关注老年人和患有慢性呼吸道疾病的人.
- 评估支持RSV疫苗接种在高风险成年人群中的证据.
- 审查目前的RSV疫苗批准和指导方针建议.
主要方法:
- 关于RSV流行病学和临床影响的当前文献的全面审查.
- 对成人RSV感染的全球和区域监测数据的分析.
- 审查有关RSV疫苗接种的国际和国家指导方针.
主要成果:
- 在全球范围内,RSV每年在60岁及以上的成年人中造成数百万例感染,住院和死亡.
- 患有COPD和喘的患者面临不成比例地更高的RSV相关住院,恶化和死亡风险.
- 美国食品和药物管理局批准了三种RSV疫苗 (截至2025年),建议对老年人和高风险成年人 (50-74岁) 以及患有慢性呼吸系统疾病的人进行疫苗接种.
结论:
- RSV 是一个未被认可但重要的公共卫生威胁,对老年人和患有慢性呼吸道疾病的个人造成大量的疾病和医疗负担.
- 鉴于缺乏有效的抗病毒疗法,RSV疫苗接种是一个关键的预防措施.
- 增加接种疫苗,提高公众意识,并将RSV疫苗纳入国家免疫计划,对于减少RSV相关的发病率和死亡率至关重要.
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