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致命的人类H3N8流感病毒具有中等的流行病风险

Valerie Le Sage^1,2, Michelle N Vu³, Maria A Maltepes⁴

¹Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

|November 19, 2025

概括

低致病性禽流感 (LPAI) H3N8病毒带来了中度的流行病风险,人类感染和在人类细胞中有效复制证明了这一点. 持续监测对于控制这种禽流感菌株至关重要.

科学领域:

病毒学病毒学
流行病学流行病学
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

低致病性禽流感 (LPAI) H3N8在中国的种群中普遍存在.
最近的动物性H3N8感染,包括2023年致命的病例,突出了公共卫生问题.
人类对H3N8的有限的先前免疫力需要进行风险评估.

研究的目的:

评估2023年动物性H3N8流感病毒的流行潜力.
评估人类人口易感性和与动物传播相关的病毒特征.

主要方法:

利用先前建立的决策树进行流行病风险评估.
进行血清学分析以确定交叉中和抗体的流行率.
评估了与酸 (α2-3和α2-6) 的病毒结合亲和力.
在人类支气管上皮细胞中评估病毒复制.
研究了先前存在H3N2免疫力的雪中H3N8传播.

主要成果:

人口中很大一部分人缺乏对H3N8.8的交叉中和抗体.
LPAI H3N8表现出双酸受体结合,并在人类支气管细胞中有效复制.
H3N8通过直接接触传染于,但不是气溶,无论H3N2免疫力如何.
预先存在的H3N2免疫力缩短了疾病的持续时间,但没有降低子的严重程度或病毒复制.

结论:

动物感染的H3N8菌株显示出中度的流行病潜力.
这些发现强调了持续的禽流感监测的重要性,以减轻风险.
进一步研究H3N8的动物感染能力和传播动态是有必要的.

关键词:

这种病毒是H3N8病毒.低致病性禽流感病毒的感染率很低.之前存在的免疫力.传输传输传输传输传输传输

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