相关实验视频
Updated: Jan 11, 2026
09:20
CRISPR-Mediated Reorganization of Chromatin Loop Structure
Published on: September 14, 2018
13.1K
学习诱导了持续的染色质循环,在记忆回忆过程中产生了强大的基因表达
Peibo Xu1,2,3, Keerthivasan Raanin Chandradoss1,2,3, Bradley Lukasak1,3
1Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|November 19, 2025
概括
研究人员在脑细胞核中发现了持久的分子痕迹,这些细胞核储存了长期的恐惧记忆. 恩格拉姆细胞中的这些持续的染色质变化与记忆回忆期间的基因表达变化有关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 长期记忆被储存在神经元组合中,称为恩格拉姆.
- 在神经元核内,恩格拉姆细胞痕迹的分子基础和持久性在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究持续的分子痕迹,特别是染色质折叠和DNA甲基化,在海马的Engram神经元在恐惧调节后.
- 了解与长期记忆存储和回忆相关的持久表观遗传和基因组变化.
主要方法:
- 在活体中使用活动依赖的核标记来描述单个海马神经元.
- 分析了高阶染色质折叠 (3D基因组架构) 和DNA甲基化模式.
- 检查了这些分子特征长达一个月的背景后恐惧调节 (CFC).
主要成果:
- 在CFC后的Engram神经元中,确定了显著的,持久的和全基因组的染色体循环可塑性,包括获得和丢失的循环.
- 在促进剂和增强剂中观察到DNA甲基化变化的最小持久性.
- 发现持续改变的循环将调节元素与基因连接起来,与特定神经元亚型的记忆回忆期间强大的基因表达变化相关.
结论:
- 持久的染色质痕迹,而不是DNA甲基化,代表了恒久的分子标记器的恩格拉姆细胞存储长期记忆.
- 这些持续的基因组变化与特定的基因表达模式有关,这些基因表达模式对记忆回忆至关重要.
- 这些发现表明,持久性色素结构在突触基因调节中的作用与PTSD和自闭症等神经精神疾病相关.
相关概念视频
01:18Long-Term Memory
615
Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
615
03:17Inheritance of Chromatin Structures
7.2K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
7.2K
01:32Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells
2.1K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
2.1K
02:35Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression
24.6K
Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area.
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...
24.6K
02:05Duplication of Chromatin Structure
7.2K
The process of chromosome duplication during cell division requires genome-wide disruption and re-assembly of chromatin. The chromatin structure must be accurately inherited, reassembled, and maintained in the daughter cells to ensure lineage propagation.
The basic unit of the chromatin is the nucleosome, consisting of DNA wrapped around octameric histone proteins and short stretches of linker DNA separating individual nucleosomes. The histone proteins within the nucleosome have their...
The basic unit of the chromatin is the nucleosome, consisting of DNA wrapped around octameric histone proteins and short stretches of linker DNA separating individual nucleosomes. The histone proteins within the nucleosome have their...
7.2K
02:38Heterochromatin
17.8K
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...
17.8K