一种基于mRNA的FimH纳米粒子疫苗对尿病原菌大肠杆菌具有高度的免疫性,在动物中具有很高的免疫性
Sandro Roier1, Roberto Adamo2, Roberto Rosini2
1CureVac SE, Tübingen, Germany.
Frontiers in immunology
|November 19, 2025
概括
针对FimH的新型mRNA疫苗有望预防由抗生素耐药性尿病原性大肠杆菌 (UPEC) 引起的复发性尿路感染 (UTIs). 在动物模型中,FimH-Ferritin mRNA疫苗表现出优越的免疫性,这表明了潜在的新疗法策略.
科学领域:
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 泌尿病原性大肠杆菌 (UPEC) 是抗生素耐药性尿路感染 (UTIs) 的主要原因,经常复发.
- 关键的UPEC毒性因子FimH调解细菌粘附,是针对尿路感染的疫苗的潜在目标.
- 需要新的疫苗策略来应对日益增长的抗生素耐药性和反复性尿路感染 (rUTIs).
研究的目的:
- 评估基于mRNA的新型纳米粒子疫苗的免疫性,这些纳米粒子疫苗编码UPEC毒性因子FimH.
- 为了比较单质FimH和FimH-Ferritin融合蛋白mRNA疫苗对UPEC的疗效.
- 评估核酸修饰对疫苗免疫性的影响.
主要方法:
- 开发脂质纳米粒子 (LNP) 配方的mRNA疫苗,编码单体FimH (FimHDG) 或FimH与费里丁融合 (FimHDG-Ferritin).
- 在肌肉内接种疫苗后,对小鼠和大鼠进行免疫性评估.
- 测量抗体水平 (血清/尿液ELISA) 和功能反应 (细菌粘附抑制试验),以及T细胞反应 (流细胞计).
主要成果:
- 两种FimHDG和FimHDG-FerritinmRNA疫苗都诱导了比蛋白质子单元疫苗更高的功能抗体水平.
- 在这两种模型中,FimHDG-Ferritin引起了更大的抗体结合,并增强了FimH特异性的CD4+和CD8+T细胞反应.
- N1mΨ核酸修饰进一步提高了大鼠的FimHDG-Ferritin免疫性.
结论:
- FimHDG-Ferritin mRNA疫苗,特别是N1mΨ修饰的疫苗,显示出作为针对UPEC的候选疫苗的巨大潜力.
- 这种mRNA疫苗策略为预防复发性尿路感染提供了一个有希望的方法.
- 进一步开发这种针对FimH的mRNA疫苗是有必要的.
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