对体化进行范围审查:卫生专业学生之间的特征和影响
Edie L Sperling1, Jennifer M Hulett2
1College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific- Northwest, Western University of Health Sciences, 200 Mullins Dr., Lebanon, OR, 97385, USA. esperling@westernu.edu.
身体症状在医疗专业的学生中很常见,影响他们的幸福感,并可能导致职业转变. 需要更多的研究,特别是在非医疗领域和美国.
科学领域:
- 健康 专业 教育 卫生 专业 教育
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
背景情况:
- 身体化显著影响医学学生的生活质量和职业生涯长寿,原因是高压力和心理健康不佳.
- 在其他健康专业的学生 (牙科,兽医,护理,物理治疗) 中对体质化的研究是有限的.
- 精神和身体健康问题都是离开医疗保健职业的预测因素.
研究的目的:
- 描述和表征与各种健康专业的学生心理健康相关的体质症状.
- 定义现有研究中用于体化的结果措施.
- 记录旨在预防或治疗这些学生群体体体化的干预措施的证据.
主要方法:
- 根据PRISMA-ScR指南进行了全面的范围审查.
- 搜索包括17个数据库,参考文献,以及对初级研究进行手动搜索.
- 符合条件的研究涉及卫生专业的学生,并测量了体化或相关的心理/身体健康结果.
主要成果:
- 73篇文章符合纳入标准,代表来自29个国家的26,200名学生.
- 身体化的患病率从5.7%到85.2% (平均34.4%),常见症状包括失眠,关节障碍和肌肉骨疼痛.
- 17项研究报告了干预措施,并确定了20种不同的体化结果措施,并对其有效性和可靠性进行了审查.
结论:
- 身体症状在卫生专业中非常普遍,与精神困扰有很强的相关性.
- 需要进一步的研究,特别是在美国和非医疗卫生专业.
- 缺乏对照试验,调查体征症状对生活质量和职业缩的长期影响.
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