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索马里疹疫情:关于最近的健康危机的每周站点回应-2025年
Saadaq Adan Hussein1,2,3, Marian Muse Osman4,5, Mohamed Mohamoud Hassan6
1Department of School of Postgraduate Studies, Benadir University, Hodan Benadir, Mogadishu, Somalia. sadakadamh@gmail.com.
Tropical medicine and health
|November 19, 2025
概括
索马里在2025年因疫苗接种覆盖率低和卫生系统挑战而经历了严重的角膜炎疫情. 需要紧急干预,以控制这种疫苗可以预防的疾病的传播.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 全球喉发病率已经下降,这是由于广泛的喉疹咳 (DTP) 疫苗接种.
- 然而,疫情仍然存在于疫苗覆盖率低,卫生服务受损的地区.
- 索马里于2025年8月在冲突和脆弱的卫生基础设施中宣布全国白喉疫情.
研究的目的:
- 分析2025年索马里白喉疫情的流行病学.
- 确定导致白喉病复发的因素.
- 为疫情控制战略和公共卫生干预提供信息.
主要方法:
- 来自索马里综合疾病监测和应对 (IDSR) 系统和DHIS2平台 (Epi-weeks 1-33, 2025) 每周基于病例的监测数据的分析.
- 从世界卫生组织/联合国儿童基金会国家免疫覆盖率估计 (WUENIC,2000-2024) 中提取疫苗接种覆盖率趋势.
- 审查卫生部的情况报告和合作伙伴简报,以获取补充信息.
主要成果:
- 到2025年第33周,已报告1811例疑似白喉病例和89例死亡 (病例死亡率为5%).
- 5岁以下的儿童占病例的56%,其中87%缺乏文献证明的白喉疫苗接种.
- 虽然DTP-3的覆盖率有所增加,但仍然不足以保护群体,在特定地区出现了显著的激增.
结论:
- 索马里白喉病的复苏凸显了冲突,流离失所和免疫不均对疫苗可预防疾病控制的影响.
- 紧急优先事项包括弥补常规覆盖缺口,确保获得角膜炎抗毒素 (DAT) 和抗生素,并加强监测.
- 制需要立即的国家和国际动员,以恢复朝着消除白喉的进展.
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