关于在生态敏感地区建造铁路道的风险因素识别和优化策略的研究
Zhongsheng Tan1, Baojin Zhang2, Zhenliang Zhou1
1Key Laboratory of Urban Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.
Scientific reports
|November 19, 2025
概括
在敏感地区的铁路道建设面临风险. 这项研究确定了环境意识和气候等关键因素,提供了一种方法,通过对地表层面问题进行有针对性的控制,将风险降低62%.
科学领域:
- 土木工程 土木工程是指土木工程.
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 风险管理 风险管理
背景情况:
- 在生态敏感地区建造铁路道存在复杂,相互依存的风险.
- 现有的风险识别方法往往不系统,导致遗漏和潜在的安全和环境危害.
研究的目的:
- 在生态敏感地区定量识别和分层分析铁路道建设风险的关键影响因素.
- 在铁路道项目中制定一个系统的风险管理方法.
主要方法:
- 文献审查和专家问卷以确定17个核心影响因素.
- 决策试验和评估实验室 (DEMATEL) 的应用 - 协会结构间建模 (AISM) 混合模型用于层次分析.
- 对专家评级数据 (0-4级) 的定量分析,以构建一个五级对抗层次结构.
主要成果:
- 环境意识 (S16),监管体系 (S17) 和施工方法 (S8) 被确定为具有重要系统范围影响的最重要的影响因素.
- 气候条件 (S4) 和建筑季节 (S3) 成为风险的主要根源.
- 排水系统设计 (S11) 和污染物处理 (S13) 被发现最容易受到其他因素的影响.
结论:
- 控制四个表面层面的因素 (建筑设备和材料S9,排水系统设计S11,垃圾填埋设计S12和污染物处理S13) 可以达到62%的风险降低率.
- 该研究提供了在生态敏感地区铁路道建设的风险因素的优先清单.
- 这种系统的方法有助于在规划和施工过程中有效降低风险.
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