光子边缘智能芯片用于多模式传感,推断和学习
Shiji Zhang1, Xueyi Jiang1, Bo Wu1
1Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Nature communications
|November 19, 2025
概括
这项研究引入了一种光子边缘智能芯片 (PEIC),用于实时模拟信号处理. PEIC集成了各种数据类型,用于低延迟,高能效的边缘计算应用.
科学领域:
- 光子学 是一个光子学.
- 边缘计算 边缘计算
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 边缘计算需要实时处理高通量模拟信号,这是传统电子设备面临的挑战.
- 集成光子提供低延迟处理,但在直接原始模拟数据处理方面存在困难.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个光子边缘智能芯片 (PEIC),将多种模拟信号模式融合为芯片上处理.
- 展示一个端到端的光学神经网络,用于在边缘进行节能推理.
主要方法:
- 将图像,光谱和射频信号融合成宽光谱,用于单纤维输入.
- 使用阵列波导网格 (AWG) 进行光谱传感和节能卷积 (29 fJ/OP).
- 实现非线性激活层和完全连接层,形成一个光学神经网络.
主要成果:
- 实现了芯片上的推断,测量响应时间为1.33纳秒.
- 在药物光谱识别,图像分类和雷达目标分类方面展示了监督和无监督的学习.
- 该PEIC处理高能效的融合模拟信号.
结论:
- 光子边缘智能芯片将模拟信号采集和光学计算统一为边缘智能.
- 这项工作为芯片上解决方案提供了一条途径,使得边缘AI应用程序更快,更高效.
- 开发的芯片解决了传统电子设备在边缘处理高通量模拟数据方面的局限性.
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