语境信息对正常听觉敏感度的年轻和老年成年人语音噪音感知的影响:系统性审查和元分析
Ritik Roushan1, Mohan Kumar Kalaiah, Usha Shastri
1Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.
Noise & health
|November 19, 2025
概括
与年轻人相比,老年人对语音噪音感知上下文信息的益处更大,特别是在适度的信号噪音比率 (SNR) 时. 这凸显了语境在帮助老年人听觉理解方面的重要性.
科学领域:
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
背景情况:
- 语音噪音感知对于日常沟通至关重要.
- 与年龄相关的变化可能会影响听觉处理和认知功能.
- 语境信息在提高语音可理解性方面发挥着重要作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查语境信息如何影响年轻人和老年人的语音噪音感知.
- 为了比较语境对不同年龄组语音理解的影响.
- 通过系统性审查和元分析来综合现有研究.
主要方法:
- 在主要的科学数据库 (Web of Science,Scopus,PubMed,Embase) 中进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 包括的研究比较了年轻人和老年人之间对噪音的高和低上下文句子感知.
- 用混合方法评估工具分析了20项涉及840名参与者的研究.
主要成果:
- 年轻的成年人通常在语音噪音任务中表现优于老年人.
- 与年轻人相比,老年人从上下文提示中获得的益处更大.
- 超分析表明,由于背景,在中度信号对噪音比率 (SNRs) 的老年人中,语音对噪音感知有显著的改善.
结论:
- 这些发现表明,老年人更依赖上下文信息来改善语音噪音感知.
- 虽然年轻的成年人可能有更好的基线表现,但背景的相对益处在老年人中更为明显.
- 这突出了老年人用来克服与年龄有关的听觉挑战的适应性策略.
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