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睡眠规律是睡眠卫生的一个重要组成部分:系统性审查
Alexandros Kalkanis1, Dierik Lenkens2, Paschalis Steiropoulos3
1Department of Pulmonology, Leuven University Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders (LUCS), University Hospitals Leuven Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium.
Sleep medicine reviews
|November 19, 2025
概括
一致的睡眠时间对健康至关重要. 不规则的睡眠时间表与精神健康问题,心血管疾病,痴呆症和死亡率的风险增加有关,这突显了公共卫生建议的必要性.
科学领域:
- 睡眠科学 睡眠科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 睡眠的规律性,不同于持续时间和效率,是睡眠健康的一个关键方面.
- 不规则的睡眠时间表对不良健康结果的独立影响需要澄清.
研究的目的:
- 审查证据,将睡眠规律 (客观或日记定量) 与成人的各种健康结果联系起来.
- 检查的结果包括精神,心脏代谢,炎症,认知,生活方式,睡眠障碍和死亡率.
主要方法:
- 在PROSPERO注册的协议 (CRD420251101936) 的指导下进行系统审查.
- 在 2025 年 7 月 1 日之前搜索多个数据库 (MEDLINE,Cochrane 图书馆,PsycINFO,Google Scholar).
- 由于指标 (例如,睡眠规律指数) 和结果的异质性而导致叙述综合,具有证据分级.
主要成果:
- 59项研究揭示了一致的证据,将睡眠时间不规则与较差的心理健康 (抑郁,焦虑),心脏代谢问题 (肥胖,胰岛素抵抗,高血压,心血管事件) 和炎症联系在一起.
- 较低的睡眠规律指数与较小的海马体积和痴呆风险增加 (26-53%) 有关.
- 不定期睡眠的人面临20-88%更高的死亡风险,无论睡眠时间和质量如何.
结论:
- 不稳定的睡眠时间是不利的心理,代谢,血管,认知和生存结果的一致预测因素.
- 睡眠规律可通过可穿戴设备进行修改和跟踪,这表明它作为公共卫生建议的潜力.
- 时间表稳定应该是未来干预试验的优先事项.
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