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基因组语言模型中的功能性新基因的语义设计

Aditi T Merchant^1,2, Samuel H King^1,2, Eric Nguyen^1,2

¹Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

|November 19, 2025

概括

像Evo这样的生成基因组模型现在可以设计具有特定功能的新生物序列. 这种被称为语义设计的人工智能方法, 能够创造出超越自然序列的新蛋白质和遗传系统.

科学领域:

基因组学
合成生物学
人工智能

背景情况:

生成性基因组模型正在推动生物系统设计.
控制这些模型以创建功能性新序列是一个重大挑战.

研究的目的:

为了展示Evo,一个基因组语言模型,可以使用基因组语境进行功能引导设计.
通过"语义设计"实现具有所需功能的新序列的生成.

主要方法:

埃沃可以学习 prokaryotic 基因之间的语义关系以实现功能引导的序列生成.
对生成的抗CRISPR蛋白和毒素-抗毒素系统进行实验验证.
没有结构先验或微调的蛋白质和非编码RNA的上下文设计.

主要成果:

它成功地产生了新的功能序列, 包括新基因.
设计蛋白质和非编码RNA的试验成功率很高.
创建了SynGenome数据库,包含超过120亿个由人工智能生成的基对.

结论:

有生物语言模型的生成基因组学可以创建超出自然序列的序列.
埃沃的语义设计方法使得新型基因组序列的功能引导生成成为可能.
这项工作扩大了人工智能在设计复杂生物系统方面的能力.

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