在手术室的语言神经科学:多语言脑瘤患者的神经外科的考虑
Sebastian Sanchez1, Matthew Tate1
1Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.
Frontiers in oncology
|November 20, 2025
概括
本综述强调了支持语言的动态神经网络,以及为在清醒状态下接受脑部手术的多语言患者量身定制的映射策略的重要性. 准确的语言映射可以最大限度地减少缺陷并优化手术结果.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 神经外科 神经外科
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 了解语言的神经基础对于神经外科手术期间的清醒大脑映射至关重要.
- 神经成像技术的进步揭示了语言处理的动态,双边的皮质-亚皮质网络.
- 传统模型正在向复杂的,分布式语言网络的识别方向发展.
研究的目的:
- 在神经外科的背景下,审查当前关于语言处理和多语言的神经科学文献.
- 探索大脑病理对语言功能的影响.
- 概述临床最佳实践,用于在清醒时接受神经外科手术的多语言患者的语言映射.
主要方法:
- 综合当前的神经科学文献.
- 审查对语言和多语种的洞察力.
- 分析大脑病理对语言处理的影响.
主要成果:
- 语言处理在双边网络中涉及不同的腹部 (语义) 和背部 (声学) 流.
- 直接电皮刺激 (DES) 是手术内映射的黄金标准,辅以ECoG和fMRI.
- 个性化语言映射需要详细的语言概况,考虑到多语言患者的熟练程度和学习年龄.
结论:
- 对语言网络的细微理解是最小化清醒神经外科手术缺陷的关键.
- 定制的语言任务和熟练度评估对于有效的手术内映射至关重要.
- 在多语言患者中语言映射的最佳实践对于优化手术规划和患者结果至关重要.
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