重温饮食和尾炎:一个系统的审查和元分析
Renato Pitesa1, Melanie Spiekermann1, Claudia Paterson1
1Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
World journal of surgery
|November 20, 2025
概括
低食纤维摄入量和高肉和糖的西方饮食模式可能会增加急性尾炎 (AA) 的风险. 然而,目前的证据受到低质量的数据和高异质性的限制,这表明存在重大不确定性.
科学领域:
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 急性尾炎 (AA) 的确切原因尚不清楚.
- 西方饮食模式 (WDP),以低纤维摄入为特征,被怀疑会提高AA风险,但证据需要量化.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和量化饮食因素与急性尾炎风险之间的关联.
- 评估西方饮食模式对AA发病率的影响.
主要方法:
- 根据PRISMA指南进行了系统审查,搜索了多个数据库 (CENTRAL,MEDLINE,Embase,Scopus).
- 包括到2024年12月发表的人类研究 (病例控制,队列,生态).
- 使用ROBINS-E工具评估了偏差风险;数据在可能的情况下通过叙述或通过元分析/回归合成.
主要成果:
- 包括21项研究,大多数具有高偏差风险.
- 对四项病例控制研究的元分析表明,AA患者的纤维摄入量较低 (p=0.11).
- 超回归表明,人口中纤维摄入量较高的人群发病率较低的趋势;叙事合成将低纤维,高肉或高糖的WDP与AA风险增加联系起来.
结论:
- 观察证据表明,食纤维和AA之间存在相反的关联.
- 肉类和糖分丰富的西方饮食模式可能会增加AA风险.
- 目前的证据基础具有显著的不确定性,异质性和低质量的数据.
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