Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

Acid-Catalyzed Aldol Addition Reaction01:15

Acid-Catalyzed Aldol Addition Reaction

3.2K
The aldol reaction of a ketone under acidic conditions successfully forms an unsaturated carbonyl as the final product instead of an aldol. The acid-catalyzed aldol reaction is depicted in Figure 1.
3.2K
Alkylation of β-Ketoester Enolates: Acetoacetic Ester Synthesis01:07

Alkylation of β-Ketoester Enolates: Acetoacetic Ester Synthesis

4.4K
Acetoacetic ester synthesis is a method to obtain ketones from alkyl halides and β-keto esters. The reaction occurs in the presence of an alkoxide base that abstracts the acidic proton of the β-keto esters. The step results in an enolate ion which is doubly stabilized. The enolate then reacts with an alkyl halide via the SN2 process to produce an alkylated ester intermediate with a new C–C bond. The hydrolysis of the intermediate, followed by acidification, results in an...
4.4K
α-Hydroxy Ketones via Reductive Coupling of Esters: Acyloin Condensation Overview01:19

α-Hydroxy Ketones via Reductive Coupling of Esters: Acyloin Condensation Overview

3.2K
The pinacol and McMurry reactions involve the reductive coupling of ketones or aldehydes. Similarly, the bimolecular reductive coupling of two ester molecules in the presence of sodium metal in an aprotic solvent yields an α-hydroxy ketone product. The α-hydroxy ketone is also called acyloin, so the reaction is referred to as ‘acyloin condensation.’
3.2K
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

3.8K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
3.8K
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Friedel–Crafts Acylation of Benzene01:11

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Friedel–Crafts Acylation of Benzene

8.6K
The Friedel–Crafts acylation reactions involve the addition of an acyl group to an aromatic ring. These reactions proceed via electrophilic aromatic substitution by employing an acyl chloride and a Lewis acid catalyst such as aluminum chloride to form aryl ketone.
8.6K
Esters to Carboxylic Acids: Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis01:13

Esters to Carboxylic Acids: Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis

3.9K
Hydrolysis of esters under acidic conditions proceeds through a nucleophilic acyl substitution. In the presence of excess water, the reaction proceeds in a reversible manner, forming carboxylic acids and alcohols.
During hydrolysis, the ester is first activated towards nucleophilic attack through the protonation of the carboxyl oxygen atom by the acid catalyst. The protonation makes the ester carbonyl carbon more electrophilic. In the next step, water acts as a nucleophile and adds to the...
3.9K

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

A Polymer-Oriented Solvent-Mediated Co-Assembly Strategy to Mesoporous Metal Vanadates for Photocatalytic Degradation.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

S2P-modified PLGA bifunctional nanodrug: inhibiting vascular senescence and foam cell formation for atherosclerosis treatment.

Journal of nanobiotechnology·2026
Same author

Spatiotemporal dynamics of PFAS ecological risk in major Chinese river networks: a data-driven assessment (2011-2024).

Water research·2026
Same author

Single-cell multi-omics deciphers the myofibro-inflammatory program of cancer-associated fibroblasts in triple-negative breast cancer.

Cell death discovery·2026
Same author

Effects of tegileridine versus sufentanil on postoperative nausea and vomiting in female patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy with a multimodal antiemetic approach based in Chengdu, China: protocol for a dual-centre randomised controlled trial.

BMJ open·2026
Same author

Indoor 3D reconstruction using an unknown camera-projector pair.

Optics express·2026

相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
10:57

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Published on: April 10, 2018

19.0K

积极学习引导的催化剂设计,用于在CO电还原中选择性酸盐生产.

Yuting Xu1, Hefei Li2, Jiaqi Yang1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA.

Nature communications
|November 20, 2025
PubMed
概括

研究人员利用人工智能发现了新的催化剂,用于将二氧化碳转化为酸盐,这是一个关键化学物质. 这种可持续的方法提高了电化学二氧化碳减排反应的选择性和效率.

更多相关视频

Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery
09:50

Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery

Published on: January 22, 2015

13.1K
Solar-Driven Electrochemical Green Fuel Production from CO2 and Water Using Ti3C2Tx MXene-Supported CuZn and NiCo Catalysts
10:15

Solar-Driven Electrochemical Green Fuel Production from CO2 and Water Using Ti3C2Tx MXene-Supported CuZn and NiCo Catalysts

Published on: November 7, 2025

417

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
10:57

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Published on: April 10, 2018

19.0K
Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery
09:50

Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery

Published on: January 22, 2015

13.1K
Solar-Driven Electrochemical Green Fuel Production from CO2 and Water Using Ti3C2Tx MXene-Supported CuZn and NiCo Catalysts
10:15

Solar-Driven Electrochemical Green Fuel Production from CO2 and Water Using Ti3C2Tx MXene-Supported CuZn and NiCo Catalysts

Published on: November 7, 2025

417

科学领域:

  • 电化学 电化学 电化学
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 计算化学计算化学

背景情况:

  • 酸是一种重要的工业化学品,全球需求日益增长.
  • 在铜 (Cu) 上的电化学CO降解反应 (CORR) 提供了从废碳中生产酸盐的可持续途径.
  • 有限的机制理解阻碍了高度选择性的CORR催化剂的开发.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一个人工智能驱动的多尺度模拟框架,以阐明CORR机制.
  • 确定控制CO-酸盐选择性的关键描述因素.
  • 为了指导新型,高度选择性的CORR催化剂的发现.

主要方法:

  • 大规范密度函数理论 (GC-DFT) 和微动力学建模 (MKM) 的整合.
  • 积极学习的应用用于催化剂优化.
  • 使用零间隙电解器进行实验验证.

主要成果:

  • 基于DFT的MKM确定了CO-CH合作为乙酸形成途径.
  • CH*结合能被确定为乙酸选择性的关键描述因素.
  • 人工智能优化预测Cu/Pd (2:1) 和Cu/Ag (3:1) 是优越的催化剂.
  • 实验结果显示,与纯相比,使用Cu/Pd和Cu/Ag催化剂显著提高了法拉第克酸盐生产的效率.

结论:

  • 该研究建立了一个人工智能驱动的框架,用于CORR中的机械理解和催化剂设计.
  • 这些发现为推进选择性电催化提供了数据驱动的战略.
  • 基于Cu的优化合金显示了可持续酸生产的增强性能.