在非裔男性中,非编码基因变异导致前列腺癌风险更高
Shan Li1, Kaniz Fatema2, Nidharshan Sundarraj3
1Cancer Data Science Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Nature communications
|November 20, 2025
概括
通过深度学习识别的新遗传变异可能改善前列腺癌 (PrCa) 风险预测,特别是在非洲血统的男性中. 这些单核酸多态 (SNP) 影响基因调节,并提供比目前的多基因风险得分更精确的评估.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 前列腺癌 (PrCa) 在不同祖先的发病率和死亡率上表现出显著的差异,非洲血统的男性 (AA) 与欧洲血统 (EA) 个人相比面临更高的风险.
- 现有的多基因风险评分 (PRS) 来自全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 往往无法充分考虑人口特异性遗传因素,特别是非编码监管区域内的遗传因素.
研究的目的:
- 确定与前列腺癌风险相关的非编码调控区域中的新型单核酸多态 (SNP),重点关注非洲祖先人群中普遍存在的变异.
- 研究这些已识别的SNP可能影响PrCa发育的功能机制,包括对增强剂活性,免疫反应和细胞过程的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用在前列腺增强剂上训练的深度学习模型来预测功能性SNP.
- 分析了AA和EA种群中的等位基频率,以确定祖先丰富的变体.
- 研究了潜在的作用机制,包括转录因子结合的调节和FOX转录因子结合的实验验证.
主要成果:
- 在AA男性中确定了大约2000个具有更高替代代基因频率的SNP,可能会影响前列腺增强器功能和PrCa风险.
- 预计这些SNP会通过免疫抑制,端粒延长,脱差和亡抑制等机制影响PrCa.
- 证明已识别的SNP主要调节关键转录因子 (FOX,HOX,AR) 的结合,FOX结合经过实验验证.
结论:
- 已识别的非编码SNP代表了导致前列腺癌风险差异的新型遗传因素.
- 这些变异有可能改善PrCa风险分层,特别是在代表性不足的祖先中.
- 将这些功能性SNP纳入PRS可以提高前列腺癌风险评估的准确性,超出目前基于GWAS的模型.
相关概念视频
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS
15.2K
Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
15.2K
Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs
18.5K
Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
18.5K
Cancer Prevention
7.6K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Some...
7.6K
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes
11.1K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
11.1K
The Ras Gene
7.0K
The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
Ras is a...
Ras is a...
7.0K
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs
17.9K
A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
17.9K


