在缺陷精神分裂症中,精神症状与面部情绪识别之间的神经关联:fNIRS研究
Yanqin Hu1, Guijuan Yang1, Huangzhiheng Zhang1
1Department of Psychiatry, Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, 401147, China.
BMC psychiatry
|November 21, 2025
概括
缺陷精神分裂症 (DSZ) 患者比非缺陷精神分裂症 (NDSZ) 患者表现出更严重的面部情绪识别 (FER) 障碍. 这与前额叶皮层 (PFC) 激活的减少以及DSZ.的负面症状有关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 前额叶皮层 (PFC) 功能障碍与精神分裂症的情绪识别缺陷有关.
- 缺陷精神分裂症 (DSZ) 与非缺陷精神分裂症 (NDSZ) 相比,表现出更严重的情绪识别障碍.
- 这些差异背后的神经生物学机制仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 在DSZ和NDSZ患者的面部情绪识别 (FER) 期间调查前额叶皮层 (PFC) 激活模式.
- 探索PFC激活和DSZ和NDSZ的临床规模得分之间的相关性.
- 阐明不同情绪识别缺陷的神经生物学基础.
主要方法:
- 功能近红外光谱学 (fNIRS) 用于监测38名DSZ患者,49名NDSZ患者和39名健康对照者的PFC激活.
- 一个标准化的视觉情感歧视任务评估了FER能力.
- 单向ANOVA和后 hocBonferroni测试发现了氧化血红蛋白 (HbO) 变化中的显著差异;相关性分析检查了PFC激活和临床分数之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 与NDSZ患者相比,DSZ患者在愤怒,悲伤,蔑视和快乐的识别过程中显著减少了背侧前额皮层 (DlPFC; BA9) 和前极皮层 (BA10) 的激活.
- 与HC相比,DSZ患者在愤怒和快乐的识别过程中表现出BA9和BA10的激活率下降,在蔑视的识别过程中表现出BA9的激活率下降.
- 在DSZ患者中,负症状得分与FER任务期间的PFC激活 (BA9/BA10) 有中度和反向关联,在NDSZ或HC中没有发现显著的相关性.
结论:
- 与NDSZ患者相比,DSZ患者表现出更严重的FER损伤,表明了明显的认知缺陷模式.
- 在特定区域 (BA9,BA10) 减少PFC激活与DSZ的负面症状有关,突出显示了潜在的神经生物学标志物.
- 这些发现有助于理解精神分裂症亚型中情绪处理缺陷背后的不同神经生物学机制.
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