将植物蛋白添加到酸奶中会降低基本元素的生物可访问性
Augusto César Costa-Santos1, Débora Parra Baptista2, Kívea Kássia de Paiva E Silva2
1Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, 13083-862, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
|November 21, 2025
概括
在酸奶中用杏仁蛋白代替乳制品蛋白质显著降低了矿物质的生物可访问性. 这凸显了植物性食品配方的挑战,以实现最佳的营养吸收.
科学领域:
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
- 营养生物化学 营养生物化学
- 乳制品技术 乳制品技术
背景情况:
- 由于环境和道德方面的担忧,对乳制品的植物性替代品的需求日益增加.
- 坚果蛋白提供潜在的益处,但需要评估营养素的生物可访问性.
- 矿物质生物可访问性对于评估植物丰富食品的营养价值至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究用杏仁蛋白部分替代牛奶蛋白对酸奶中矿物质 (Ca,Mg,P,Se) 生物可访问性的影响.
- 为了比较对照 (乳制品) 和混合 (杏仁-乳制品) 酸奶之间的矿物质含量和生物可访问性.
- 确定影响杏仁酸奶配方中矿物质生物可访问性的因素.
主要方法:
- 使用了INFOGEST 2.0的体外消化协议.
- 使用火焰原子吸收光谱,UV-Vis光谱光谱和化物生成AAS的量化矿物质.
- 配方控制酸奶 (乳制品) 和混合酸奶 (50%的杏仁蛋白替代品).
主要成果:
- 混合酸奶的总Mg,P和Se含量较高,但与对照剂相比,所有测试矿物质 (Ca,Mg,P,Se) 的生物可访问性明显较低.
- 对照酸奶显示了高的可生物利用的矿物质含量:Ca (92%),Mg (81%),P (58%),Se (29%).
- 混合酸奶的生物可访问矿物质含量均低于50%.
结论:
- 在酸奶中替代杏仁蛋白降低了必需矿物质的生物可访问性.
- 杏仁蛋白中的反营养化合物 (多,蛋白酶抑制剂) 可能会损害消化和矿物质释放.
- 需要进一步的研究来优化基于植物的酸奶配方,以提高营养吸收.
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