在刚从恩塞拉多斯海洋喷射出来的冰粒中检测有机化合物
Nozair Khawaja1,2, Frank Postberg3, Thomas R O'Sullivan3
1Institute of Space Systems, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
概括
土星的卫星恩塞拉多从其地下海洋中排出了富含有机化合物的冰粒. 高速分析揭示了新的分子碎片,暗示了水热过程和Enceladus内部的有机进化.
科学领域:
- 天体生物学 天体生物学
- 行星科学 行星科学
- 有机地化学 有机地化学
背景情况:
- 土星的卫星恩塞拉多有一个地下海洋,可以排出冰粒和气体.
- 之前对E环冰粒的分析确定了和氧的部分.
- 卡西尼号的宇宙尘埃分析仪 (CDA) 曾在12公里/秒以下的速度分析过冰粒.
研究的目的:
- 为了对直接从恩塞拉多斯的羽毛中取样的有机含量冰粒进行全面的化学分析.
- 为了研究在卡西尼飞行 (E5) 期间以更高的撞击速度喷射出来的有机物质的组成.
- 为了识别新的分子碎片,并推断Enceladus内的有机物质的起源和演变.
主要方法:
- 在卡西尼E5飞行期间直接采集恩塞拉多斯羽流冰粒的样本.
- 使用卡西尼号的宇宙尘埃分析仪 (CDA) 在约18公里/秒的碰撞速度下分析质谱.
- 检测到的分子碎片的化学表征,包括异质, (异质) 环和N-/O载体化合物.
主要成果:
- 在新鲜的羽毛冰粒中检测出和氧的部分,与之前的发现一致.
- 鉴定之前未被观察到的分子碎片,因为相遇速度更快.
- 对亚利法性, (异质) 环性/,乙烯/乙烯和N-/O载体化合物的初步鉴定.
结论:
- 检测到的有机物种来自恩塞拉多的地下.
- 这些发现表明,这些有机物有热水源的起源.
- 结果表明,活跃的地球化学途径参与了恩塞拉德星内的有机分子的合成和进化.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
States of Water
55.9K
Water exists in any one of the three classical states: solid (ice), liquid (water), and gas (steam or water vapor). The state of water depends on i) the intermolecular forces that draw molecules together and ii) the kinetic energy that leads to movements that pull them apart.
Water freezes when the intermolecular forces are greater than the kinetic energy. Unlike most other substances, water is less dense in its solid state than in its liquid state. This is because each water molecule can form...
Water freezes when the intermolecular forces are greater than the kinetic energy. Unlike most other substances, water is less dense in its solid state than in its liquid state. This is because each water molecule can form...
55.9K
Gravimetry: Inorganic And Organic Precipitating Agents
5.6K
In gravimetry, the precipitant is chosen carefully to obtain a pure solid that can be easily filtered. Common inorganic precipitants can be used to determine several cations and anions. In some cases, the formation of the same precipitate can be used to determine the cation and the anion. For example, the reaction of barium and chromate ions to give barium chromate is used to determine both barium and chromate. However, precipitates such as hydroxides, oxalates, and metal ammonium phosphates...
5.6K
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle
1.6K
Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...
1.6K
Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II
1.0K
In gas chromatography, different detectors are employed to meet specific analytical needs. These detectors are often categorized based on their detection mechanisms and the types of compounds they are best suited to analyze. Thermal Conductivity Detectors (TCD), Flame Ionization Detectors (FID), and Electron Capture Detectors (ECD) represent common categories, each with unique operating principles and applications. However, beyond these, several other detectors are designed for more specialized...
1.0K
Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry
2.1K
Higher molecular weight biomolecules are nonvolatile compounds that may decompose before ionizing or vaporizing during mass analysis with conventional electron impact ionization methods. Accordingly, electrospray ionization (ESI) is the favored method for vaporizing and ionizing biomolecules as it circumvents rapid fragmentation and enables the recording of mass signals for the entire biomolecule.
ESI utilizes electrical energy to transfer ions from the liquid phase of the sample into the...
ESI utilizes electrical energy to transfer ions from the liquid phase of the sample into the...
2.1K
Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-I
1.4K
There are different types of detectors used in gas chromatography, each with its own specific properties that make it suitable for detecting certain types of analytes. The most commonly used detectors in GC are thermal conductivity detector (TCD), flame ionization detector (FID), and electron capture detector (ECD).
TCD is the earliest and most widely used detector that operates by measuring the changes in the thermal conductivity of the carrier gas. When a sample compound enters the detector,...
TCD is the earliest and most widely used detector that operates by measuring the changes in the thermal conductivity of the carrier gas. When a sample compound enters the detector,...
1.4K


