在败血症中解码免疫低响应状态:单细胞和3D空间转录基因洞察力对免疫衰竭的洞察力
Yulian Yang1,2, Yi Zhang1, Jingjing Wu1
1Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
Frontiers in immunology
|November 21, 2025
概括
败血症会导致免疫抑制 (免疫),阻碍治疗. 新的单细胞和空间技术揭示了免疫细胞状态,提供精准医学策略来逆转这些低响应状态并改善患者的结果.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 败血症是全球严重疾病的主要原因,目前免疫导向治疗的长期益处有限.
- 败血症中的免疫反应是异质的,通常以免疫抑制 ('免疫性衰竭') 为特征,影响天生的和适应性的免疫力.
- 由于这种免疫异质性,现有的治疗方法缺乏有效性,需要新的治疗方法.
研究的目的:
- 审查单细胞和空间转录学方面的进展,以了解败血症引起的免疫功能障碍.
- 根据免疫内型识别,确定精密医学在败血症中的转化机会.
- 讨论挑战,并提出实施免疫麻信息化策略的标准.
主要方法:
- 单细胞RNA测序 (scRNA-seq) 和ATAC测序 (scATAC-seq) 用于分析免疫细胞状态.
- 免疫类别测试分析适应性免疫反应.
- 3D空间转录学用于绘制组织内的免疫细胞相互作用.
- 功能性分析 (例如,HLA-DR,细胞因子产生) 与多原子数据的整合.
主要成果:
- 在败血症中,单细胞,树突细胞 (cDC1,cDC2,pDC),淋巴细胞和NK细胞程序的详细表征.
- 识别不同的免疫内型,包括高S100A单细胞和检查点偏差T细胞.
- 证明FFPE组织中空间生物标志物的潜力,用于宿主-病原体相互作用.
- 突出测试标准化和临床平台可用性的挑战.
结论:
- 通过将功能性床边数据与单细胞和空间免疫分析进行整合,可以推进败血症的精准医学.
- 新兴的策略旨在恢复免疫功能,重建免疫原始,并预防二次感染.
- 复合生物标志物和标准化决策规则的开发对于临床实施免疫麻告知疗法至关重要.
相关概念视频
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
Overview
Cells of the Innate Immune Response
The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...


