使用触觉图表来支持盲人和视力低下的人理解和学习复杂的可视化
IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics
|November 21, 2025
概括
触觉图表可以帮助盲人和视力低下的人通过支持心理模型开发来理解复杂的数据可视化. 这些触觉设计是改进图表理解和数据解释的首选学习方法.
科学领域:
- 数据可视化 可访问性 数据可视化 可访问性
- 人与计算机的交互
- 辅助技术 辅助技术 辅助技术
背景情况:
- 可视化对于数据解释至关重要,但盲人和视力低下者 (BLV) 面临着访问它们的挑战.
- 现有的辅助技术,如替代文本,在传达复杂的视觉信息方面存在局限性.
- 构建图表类型的心理模型对于理解可视化是必不可少的,这对于没有直接视觉访问的BLV个人来说是一个困难的过程.
研究的目的:
- 调查触觉图表在支持BLV个体复杂数据可视化的理解和学习方面的有效性.
- 为高级可视化类型引入新的触觉图表设计.
- 评估触觉模板对心理模型开发和对新型数据集的理解的影响.
主要方法:
- 为复杂的可视化类型设计了四个3D打印的触觉模板图表 (UpSet图表,小提琴图表,集群热图,面向线图).
- 开发了探索指南,以指导用户通过触觉图表.
- 对12名BLV参与者进行了采访研究,将触觉模板的使用与传统的替代文本方法进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 主题分析表明,触觉模型显著支持对图表类型的理解.
- BLV参与者更喜欢触摸模型作为数据可视化学习方法.
- 触觉图表的使用对通过alt文本呈现的新数据集的理解产生了积极的影响.
结论:
- 触摸图表是一个有前途的辅助工具,用于提高BLV个人数据可视化可访问性.
- 开发的触觉图表设计和方法为创造更具包容性的科学沟通提供了一条途径.
- 进一步研究触觉图表设计和在BLV教育中的实施是有必要的.
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