从深海多金属块中进行关键金属的低浪费,单步,可持续的提取
Ubaid Manzoor1, Thomas Lüttke2, Dierk Raabe1
1Max Planck Institute for Sustainable Materials, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany.
Science advances
|November 21, 2025
概括
可持续的关键金属开采对于绿色能源转型至关重要. 一种新的等离子体工艺提供了一种无化石,单步方法,从深海结节中提取金属,显著减少排放并提高能源效率.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 可持续化学 可持续化学
- 绿色能源 绿色能源
背景情况:
- 绿色能源转型需要到2050年每年大量供应铜,和等关键金属.
- 陆地储量不断减少,需要替代来源,而深海多金属块成为一个有前途的选择.
- 目前的金属开采方法是能源密集型,碳密集型和低效的,这给环境带来了挑战.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种可持续和高效的方法,从深海多金属块中提取关键金属.
- 减少与金属开采相关的环境影响,特别是二氧化碳排放和能源消耗.
- 探索使用环保技术选择性回收铜等贵金属.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种基于等离子体的新型无化石减少工艺,并由绿色和可再生能源提供动力.
- 该工艺将多个阶段 (化,化,减少,精炼) 整合到一个单阶段的金属提取中.
- 通过专门的热处理工艺实现了选择性铜回收,避免了需要酸或还原剂.
主要成果:
- 与传统方法相比,等离子体工艺显著减少了高达90%的直接二氧化碳排放.
- 通过集成单步提取,能源效率提高了高达18%.
- 选择性铜回收被证明具有高效率,使用可持续的热处理方法.
结论:
- 开发的等离子减少工艺为从多金属结中提取关键金属提供了一种可持续,经济高效和环保的途径.
- 这种创新方法通过确保稳定的基本金属供应,减少环境足迹来支持绿色能源转型.
- 选择性铜回收方法进一步提高了深海结节加工的经济可行性和可持续性.
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