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对下一代DNA和RNA甲基因组测序进行比较研究,用于在下呼吸道感染中检测病原体

TianYuan Zhu¹, JiaYu Guo², Dong Zhang²

¹Department of Medical Intensive Care Unit, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.

The Journal of infection

|November 21, 2025

概括

对下呼吸道感染 (LRTI) 的元基因组下一代测序 (mNGS) 方法的一致性较低. RNA-mNGS为识别致病原体提供了更高的精度,而DNA-mNGS对低丰度生物更为敏感.

科学领域:

* 临床微生物学临床微生物学
* 传染病诊断传染病诊断
* 下一代测序技术是下一代测序技术.

背景情况:

* 下呼吸道感染 (LRTI) 带来了诊断上的挑战.
*元基因组下一代测序 (mNGS) 提供了广泛的病原体检测能力.
*DNA-mNGS和RNA-mNGS都是传染病诊断的新兴工具.

研究的目的:

* 为了比较DNA-mNGS和RNA-mNGS在LRTIs中检测病原体的临床实用性.
*评估优化RNA-mNGS性能的策略.
*评估DNA和RNA-mNGS的一致性和性能指标.

主要方法:

* 82名疑似LRTI患者的回顾性分析.
*同时进行DNA-mNGS和RNA-mNGS测试.
* 评估一致性,并使用多标签分类指标比较性能.
*使用模拟样本评估的RNA-mNGS工作流调整.

主要成果:

*DNA-mNGS和RNA-mNGS之间的总体一致性较差 (科恩的 κ=0.166).
*RNA-mNGS对致病原体的精度 (1.00比0.50) 和F1得分 (0.80比0.67) 更高.
*DNA-mNGS对细菌,真菌和非典型病原体具有更高的敏感性;RNA-mNGS对RNA病毒表现出色.
* 均化和增加序列深度都没有改善RNA-mNGS灵敏度.

结论:

*DNA-mNGS和RNA-mNGS在LRTIs的病原体检测中表现出较低的一致性.
*RNA-mNGS为识别致病原体和检测RNA病毒提供了卓越的精度.
*DNA-mNGS保留了检测少量病原体的基本灵敏度.

关键词:

这是一项比较性研究.病理病理诊断病理诊断病理诊断这是下呼吸道感染.下一代元基因组测序的测序.

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