后生菌可以通过肠-大脑轴和TLR4/MyD88/NLRP3通路缓解认知障碍和神经炎症
Longgang Jia1, Ling Xiao1, Xiaoyan Song1
1Engineering Research Center of Food Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
|November 21, 2025
概括
后生物药物通过改善认知和减少神经炎症,对阿尔茨海默氏症 (AD) 有希望. 这些有益的肠道细菌副产品调节肠-大脑轴,为AD提供了新的治疗途径.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 涉及粉样β斑块,团,以及神经炎症.
- 肠-大脑轴在大脑健康和疾病中起着至关重要的作用.
- 后生物质,有益的微生物副产品,正在成为潜在的治疗剂.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究三个特定的后生菌的神经保护作用.
- 在AD大鼠模型中评估它们对认知功能和神经炎症的影响.
- 探索涉及肠道微生物群和信号通路的潜在机制.
主要方法:
- 在使用D-银/AlCl3.3的老鼠中诱导AD类症状.
- 使用来自Bifidobacterium animalis,Lactiplantibacillus plantarum和Lactobacillus paracasei的后生菌.
- 评估认知行为,神经退行,Aβ积累,微质激活和炎症标志物.
- 分析肠道微生物群组成 (16S rDNA测序),便代谢物 (SCFA) 和向代谢学.
主要成果:
- 后生物药物显著改善了AD大鼠的认知缺陷和焦虑类行为.
- 它们通过TLR4/MyD88/NLRP3通路减少了神经元退化,粉样蛋白β沉积,微质激活和神经炎症.
- 后生物治疗重塑了肠道微生物群,增加了有益细菌,并增加了短链脂肪酸.
- 一种后生物质丰富的特定代谢物可能通过减少氧化应激和增强线粒体功能来促进其抗老年痴呆作用.
结论:
- 在阿尔茨海默氏病的老鼠模型中,后生物体显示出显著的神经保护作用.
- 这些效应通过调节肠-大脑轴,肠道微生物群和炎症途径来调节.
- 后生物质药物代表阿尔茨海默病的有前途的辅助疗法,需要进一步的临床研究.
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