评估土地使用/覆盖面变化对塔纳湖盆地水文过程的影响
Eman M Ragab1, Amr Fleifle2, Nesma Abdelmeged2
1Irrigation and Hydraulics Department, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. es-EmanRagab2024@alexu.edu.eg.
Scientific reports
|November 21, 2025
概括
土地使用/覆盖面的变化对塔纳湖盆地产生了重大影响.
科学领域:
- 水文和环境科学 水文和环境科学
- 遥感和地理空间分析
- 水资源管理 水资源管理
背景情况:
- 塔纳湖盆地是蓝尼罗河的重要来源,近几十年来经历了重大的土地使用/覆盖 (LULC) 过渡.
- 了解这些LULC变化对于有效管理盆地的水资源至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估LULC变化对塔纳湖盆地的水文成分的影响.
- 量化2004年至2021年间LULC转移造成的水文变化.
主要方法:
- 使用土壤和水资源评估工具 (SWAT) 模型进行水文模拟.
- 2004年 (ILRI) 和2021年 (Landsat 8) 的LULC地图作为输入.
- 使用SUFI-2方法对观察到的放电数据进行了SWAT模型的校准和验证,实现了高性能指标 (NSE> 0.79,R2> 0.79用于校准;NSE> 0.90,R2> 0.94用于验证).
主要成果:
- 农业用地 (-10.2%) 和森林覆盖面 (-33.1%) 的下降.
- 湿地 (+81.4%) 和牧场 (+299.2%) 显著增加,城市土地作为一个新的类别出现.
- 水文影响包括表面流量增加 (+5.8%),横向流量减少,浅层含水层蒸发减少,而蒸发透气保持稳定.
结论:
- LULC的变化对塔纳湖盆地的水文动态产生了深远的影响.
- 调查结果强调,该地区迫切需要实施可持续的土地和水资源管理战略.
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