转录因子指导植物生殖组织中的DNA甲基化模式
Guanghui Xu1, Yuhan Chen1, Laura M Martins1
1Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Nature cell biology
|November 22, 2025
概括
植物中的新DNA甲基化模式由特定的转录因子指导. 这些被称为REM INSTRUCTS METHYLATION (RIMs) 的繁殖神经系统 (REM) 因素,针对生殖组织中的RNA导向的DNA甲基化机制.
科学领域:
- 植物分子生物学 植物分子生物学
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
背景情况:
- DNA甲基化对于基因沉默和保持基因组稳定至关重要.
- 现有的模型解释了甲基化维持,但不是新的模式建立.
- 阿拉比多普西斯中的CLASSY3在生殖组织中指导RNA指导的DNA甲基化 (RdDM),但向机制尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 阐明Arabidopsis繁殖组织中产生新的DNA甲基化模式的机制.
- 为了确定参与向RNA指导的DNA甲基化机制的遗传因素.
- 了解遗传信息如何影响伴生体形成中的表观遗传调节.
主要方法:
- 基因查以确定CLASSY3目标中甲基化所需的因素.
- 对生殖系统 (REM) 转录因子及其在DNA甲基化中的作用的分析.
- 评估REM指令甲基化 (RIM) 因子破坏DNA结合域和动机的影响.
- 研究RIM12表达错误对小干扰RNA (siRNA) 生产的影响.
主要成果:
- 几个繁殖神经系统 (REM) 转录因子,称为REM指令甲基化 (RIMs),对于体和卵子组织中的特定DNA甲基化模式至关重要.
- 破坏RIM DNA结合域或它们的已知的基因,取消了RNA指导的DNA甲基化.
- 错误表达RIM12可以诱导卵巢点的siRNA产生,这表明它在启动甲基化过程中发挥了作用.
结论:
- 通过RIM转录因子,遗传信息在指导DNA甲基化到Arabidopsis繁殖组织中的特定位置方面发挥着关键作用.
- 这一发现通过将遗传输入与表观遗传机制相结合,扩大了对DNA甲基化调节的理解.
- 这些发现揭示了一种新的机制,用于建立新的甲基化模式,这对于产生独特的生殖表观基因组至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:46Epigenetic Regulation
33.4K
Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
33.4K
01:37Epigenetic Regulation
3.7K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
X-chromosome...
3.7K
02:16Transcription Factors
82.2K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
82.2K
03:17Inheritance of Chromatin Structures
7.2K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
7.2K
01:30General Transcription Factors
6.7K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
6.7K
01:32Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells
2.1K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
2.1K