不同类型的碳水化合物的饮食摄入量和喘风险:系统性审查和元分析
Yijing Bao1,2, Jingyan Zeng1,2, Lijie Wang1,2
1Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Nutrition journal
|November 22, 2025
概括
摄入高质量的碳水化合物,包括食纤维 (DF) 和全谷物 (WG),与降低喘和喘息风险有关. 相反,自由糖 (FS) 消费与喘风险增加有关,突出了预防的饮食模式.
科学领域:
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
- 公共卫生 营养 公共卫生 营养
背景情况:
- 饮食中的碳水化合物是影响健康的主要能源.
- 碳水化合物摄入量与喘风险之间的关系需要澄清.
- 这项研究调查了各种碳水化合物类型与喘风险之间的关联.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析有关碳水化合物摄入量和喘风险的证据.
- 检查自由糖 (FS),非自由糖 (NFS),精制谷物 (RG),全谷物 (WG) 和食纤维 (DF) 与喘之间的关联.
- 为预防喘提供有关饮食策略的见解.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library) 进行系统的文献搜索,截至2025年5月.
- 包括94项流行病学研究 (队列,病例控制,横截面).
- 随机效应元分析用于计算聚合概率比率 (pOR) 和95%置信区间 (CI),通过I平方统计评估异质性.
主要成果:
- 饮食纤维 (DF),非自由糖 (NFS) 和全谷物 (WG) 摄入量与喘和喘息风险显著降低有关.
- 自由糖 (FS) 消费与喘风险增加有显著的关联.
- 敏感性分析证实了这些发现的稳定性,尽管存在相当大的异质性.
结论:
- 促进高质量的碳水化合物摄入,以低FS和高NFS,DF和WG为特征,对于预防喘至关重要.
- 强调全食和限制添加糖的饮食模式可能会降低喘患病率.
- 这些发现支持对饮食修改以减轻喘风险的公共卫生建议.
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