在南非西开普岛沿海沿线的皮动物中微塑料的丰度,特征和风险评估
Danielle Julius1, Adetunji Awe2, Conrad Sparks2
1Department of Conservation and Marine Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa.
Integrated environmental assessment and management
|November 22, 2025
概括
在南非沿海皮动物中,微塑料污染很高,特别是过器食者. 黑色聚乙烯四甲酸纤维是最常见的微塑料,具有生态风险.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
背景情况:
- 微塑料 (MP) 污染在海洋生态系统中越来越令人担忧,特别是在南非沿海地区.
- 关于南非沿海无脊椎动物,特别是皮动物中MPs的流行率和生态风险的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 确定南非西开普省各种鹿养群体摄入的微塑料的流行,特征和生态风险.
- 建立对沿海皮动物中MP污染的基线理解,并确定潜在的来源和摄入途径.
主要方法:
- 在2020年夏季的低潮期间,从西开普省的14个岩石海岸采集皮动物样本.
- 分析MP的丰度,形状,颜色,尺寸 (显微镜) 和聚合物类型 (FTIR-ATR光谱).
- 基于聚合物类型危害的潜在生态风险评估.
主要成果:
- 平均MP丰度为9.32MP/个体或1.11MP/g软组织.
- 在卡尔克湾 (56.41 MP / I) 发现了最高的MP丰富度,雨水泄漏和人类活动是主要来源.
- 过食的海表现出最高的MP丰度 (21.06MP/I),这表明非选择性食者吸收率更高.
- 主要的MPs是黑色/灰色聚乙烯二甲 (PET) 纤维 (93%),范围从1000-2000μm.
- 由于聚乙烯 (PVC) 的流行,卡尔克湾被确定为生态风险最高的地区.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了南非西开普省沿海皮动物中微塑料污染的首次基线数据.
- 皮动物食群之间,MP的丰富程度有很大差异,过动物食群的摄入率更高.
- 风暴水泄漏和人类活动是研究沿海地区PM污染的重要来源,造成生态风险.
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