吉特曼综合征的骨关节特征:慢性质和更多
Ting Zhang1, You Ke2, Zhenxiao Lei3
1Division of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
目的:
在中国前瞻性队列中描述Gitelman综合征(GS)患者的临床及影像学骨关节特征。
方法:
对经临床和基因诊断的GS患者进行前瞻性、系统性筛查,以评估骨关节受累情况。记录患者的临床表现、实验室指标和影像学检查结果。根据表现将患者分为以下几组:软骨钙质沉着症(chondrocalcinosis)或焦磷酸钙沉积症(CPPD)、非软骨钙质沉着性骨关节异常、以及无影像学表现的GS。对各组之间的差异进行分析。
结果:
共纳入110名GS患者(平均年龄39.90±13.70岁,女性占52.73%),其中46例(41.82%)报告有关节痛。影像学上,46例患者(41.82%)被归类为CPPD,15例(13.64%)显示非软骨钙质沉着症异常,49例(44.54%)未发现可检测的骨关节受累。与无影像学表现的患者相比,CPPD患者年龄显著更高,血清镁水平和估算的肾小球滤过率(eGFR)显著更低。在CPPD病例中,关节痛发生率为78.26%。CPPD患者最常受累的关节为膝关节,其次为颈椎、跟腱、髋关节、手部、肩部和腕关节。值得注意的是,非软骨钙质沉着症的影像学表现包括致密骨岛和骶髂关节致密性骨炎。
结论:
CPPD 在 41.82% 的 GS 患者中出现。血清镁水平降低和 eGFR 下降是 CPPD 的危险因素。除了软骨钙质沉着症外,GS 还可能与其他骨关节表现相关,包括致密骨岛和致密性骨炎。
相关概念视频
Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints
There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
Synchondrosis
A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary...
Development of the Limb Synovial Joints
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification
Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue
Proteoglycans
Glycosaminoglycans
GAGS are found in the extracellular matrix of vertebrates, invertebrates, and bacteria. Due to their polar nature they attract water, and serve as excellent lubricants or shock absorbers in an animal body.
Hyaluronic...


