医疗保健中的疲劳风险管理:一个范围的文献综述
Stephanie Fox1, Chiara Dall'Ora2, Mark Young1
1Transportation Research Group, School of Engineering, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
International journal of nursing studies
|November 22, 2025
概括
医疗保健专业人员面临职业疲劳,影响患者安全. 医疗保健中的当前疲劳风险管理是分散的和非正式的,与其他高风险行业不同,需要转向系统级策略,以改善员工福祉和患者的结果.
科学领域:
- 职业健康和安全 职业健康和安全
- 医疗保健管理的管理
- 人类因素工程 人类因素工程
背景情况:
- 职业疲劳是医疗保健专业人员的一个重要问题,增加了医疗错误和危及患者安全.
- 与航空业等安全关键部门不同,医疗保健缺乏管理疲劳相关风险的正式,结构化的系统.
- 这一问题对医疗保健工作人员的精神和身体健康产生了负面影响.
研究的目的:
- 进行关于疲劳风险管理策略和医疗保健中的对策的范围文献审查.
- 探索影响这些战略实施的障碍和促进因素.
- 识别知识差距,并为推进医疗保健中疲劳风险管理提供见解.
主要方法:
- 在Medline,CINAHL Ultimate和Scopus数据库中进行系统的文献搜索,截至2025年6月.
- 基于医疗保健专业和疲劳风险管理概念的搜索术语的开发.
- 包括研究疲劳风险管理策略,对策或组织对医疗保健疲劳的看法.
主要成果:
- 包括32项研究,其中大多数评估的是孤立干预措施 (如午睡,教育,安排),而不是综合计划.
- 工作人员的看法突出了诸如正常化的疲劳文化和有限的支持等障碍,但促进者包括更好的员工配置和支持性的领导力.
- 只有两项研究报告了全面的,多元件的疲劳管理计划.
结论:
- 与其他高风险行业不同,医疗保健系统主要使用分散的,非正式的和个人主义的疲劳管理方法.
- 在医疗保健中,缺乏将疲劳管理正式纳入安全治理结构.
- 推进疲劳管理需要系统层面的战略,组织领导,有效的监测,劳动力教育,以及对管理疲劳作为安全风险的问责制的文化转变.
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