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病毒像VLP-BSA-iRGD的纳米粒子通过准M细胞来增强粘膜免疫反应

Huirong Tan¹, Mingrun Tang¹, Yufeng Che²

¹State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Center for Infectious Diseases Control (CIDC), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.

Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces

|November 22, 2025

概括

这项研究引入了一种新的纳米粒子疫苗平台,该平台针对M细胞进行增强的鼻内免疫,从而导致更强的免疫反应和更广泛的疫苗应用的潜力.

科学领域:

* 粘膜免疫学和疫苗开发
*纳米技术和生物材料用于药物输送.

背景情况:

* 针对粘膜上皮中的M细胞对于有效的免疫反应至关重要.
* 鼻内注射提供了一种非侵入性的疫苗输送途径.
* 开发高效的纳米输送平台是提高粘膜免疫力的关键.

研究的目的:

* 开发和评估一种基于病毒类纳米粒子 (VLP) 的纳米输送平台,其功能与M细胞向 (iRGD) 相结合.
* 评估该平台在使用模型抗原 (牛血清白蛋白 - BSA) 进行鼻内注射后增强免疫反应的能力.

主要方法:

*将BSA和iRGD结合到VLP表面,以创建VLP-BSA-iRGD纳米粒子.
* 在体外共同培养模型评估树突细胞 (DC) 吸收,激活和抗原透性.
* 在体内小鼠模型评估免疫反应,DC贩运和信号通路激活.

主要成果:

* VLP-BSA-iRGD与单独使用BSA相比,显示了DCs的增强吸收和改善的淋巴结贩运.
*通过破坏ZO-1蛋白来证明增加了CCL20分泌,DC激活和抗原透性.
*诱导了更强的幽默和细胞免疫反应,具有上调的TLR2/4表达和MYD88/NF-κB通路激活在DCs中.

结论:

* VLP-BSA-iRGD平台有效地向M细胞,通过鼻内传递增强粘膜免疫反应.
* 该平台显示出开发需要鼻内注射的亚单元疫苗的巨大潜力.
* 进一步的应用可能扩展到各种基于蛋白质的抗原,以提高疫苗的疗效.

关键词:

鼻腔内接种疫苗的使用方法细胞M细胞M细胞粘膜免疫学粘膜免疫学基于蛋白质的子单位类似病毒的纳米粒子.

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