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食品环境和儿童超重/肥胖:系统性审查
Yi Liu1, Zhijun Yang2, Taotao Deng3
1Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China; China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China.
Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)
|November 22, 2025
概括
儿童超重/肥胖症需要更好地监测食品环境. 本次审查强调了衡量食品可用性,可访问性,可负担性和吸引力的差距,敦促制定标准化系统以进行有效的干预.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 营养 公共卫生 营养
- 儿童肥胖研究儿童肥胖研究
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 儿童超重和肥胖是全球重大公共卫生问题.
- 食物环境对儿童的饮食习惯和健康有很大的影响.
- 有效的干预和政策需要全面的,针对儿童的监测系统.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合最近 (2020-2025) 关于与儿童超重/肥胖相关的食品环境指标的文献.
- 使用4A框架分析这些指标:可用性,可访问性,可负担性和吸引力.
- 发现当前食品环境测量和监测对儿童的差距.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA指南进行系统的文献搜索.
- 75项观察性研究和6项干预研究的叙述综合和基于框架的分类.
- 专注于与儿童的食物环境和体重状况相关的指标.
主要成果:
- 最常被研究的指标是可用性 (例如家庭食品供应,快餐密度) 和可访问性 (例如商店附近).
- 可负担性 (例如,食品定价) 和吸引力 (例如,营销曝光) 的指标不太常见.
- 证据显示,在测量和监测儿童的食物环境方面存在缺陷.
结论:
- 迫切需要改进,标准化,以儿童为中心的食品环境监测系统.
- 家庭,学校,社区和社会层面的综合指标对于预防和管理儿童超重/肥胖症至关重要.
- 这些系统将促进及时,公平的敏感政策行动,以解决全球儿童肥胖问题,并支持可持续发展.
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