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Diagnosis of Ecto- and Endoparasites in Laboratory Rats and Mice
Published on: September 6, 2011
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野生老鼠冠状病毒流行病学Rattus norvegicus
Gregory E Glass1, Andrew S Walsh1, Sabra L Klein1
1W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland USA.
Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)
|November 22, 2025
概括
鼠类冠状病毒 (RCV) 在巴尔的摩的城市老鼠种群中普遍存在. 虽然大多数大鼠显示过去的暴露,活跃感染的低发病率表明疾病传播到人类的风险有限.
科学领域:
- 兽医流行病学 兽医流行病学
- 动物传染病研究研究
- 城市野生动物生态生态学
背景情况:
- 像北欧鼠 (Rattus norvegicus) 这样的同类动物动物可以携带和传播病原体.
- 了解城市野生动物中特有病毒的病原病学对于公共卫生至关重要.
- 在全球范围内,老鼠冠状病毒 (RCV) 已在动物群体中被发现.
研究的目的:
- 在城市 *Rattus norvegicus* 种群中描述天然大鼠冠状病毒 (RCV) 感染的流行病学.
- 评估马里兰州巴尔的摩市RCV感染的流行率和发病率.
- 评估RCV传播到包括人类在内的其他物种的潜在风险.
主要方法:
- 在马里兰州巴尔的摩收集和采样了543只城市挪威老鼠 (*Rattus norvegicus*).
- 对IgG抗体进行血清检测,以检测过去的RCV暴露.
- 通过RT-PCR测试来识别当前的RCV感染.
主要成果:
- 高血清流行率 (71.8%) 表明老鼠在过去广泛暴露于RCV.
- 通过RT-PCR检测到的活跃感染的低患病率 (3.0%).
- 估计每月感染率为16%,过去感染的证据随年龄增长而增加.
- 全市均分布的RCV抗体和感染.
- 感染性大鼠的低发病率 (PCR阳性/IgG阴性) 表明溢出风险有限.
结论:
- 在巴尔的摩的挪威老鼠种群中,RCV在本地传播,过去暴露率高.
- RCV感染的急性性质和传染个体的低发病率将动物传播的风险降至最低.
- 血清学调查是有效的查野生动物群体当活跃的感染是短暂的.
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